Tang Tricia S, Brown Morton B, Funnell Martha M, Anderson Robert M
The University of Michigan Department of Medical Education, University of Michigan Medical School, and Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center
Diabetes Educ. 2008 Mar-Apr;34(2):266-76. doi: 10.1177/0145721708315680.
The purpose of this study was to examine social support and its relationship to diabetes-specific quality of life and self-care behaviors in African Americans with type 2 diabetes.
The study followed a cross-sectional, observational design and recruited 89 African American adults, age 40 and older (mean = 60, SD = 10.5), diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Participants completed measures assessing diabetes-specific quality of life, self-care behaviors (healthy eating, physical activity, self-monitoring of blood glucose, foot care, medication and/or insulin use), demographic background, and diabetes-related social support. Diabetes-related social support variables included amount of social support received, satisfaction with support, positive support behavior, negative support behavior, and primary source of support.
Stepwise regressions, controlling for demographic variables, were conducted to identify predictors of diabetes-specific quality of life and self-care behaviors from the diabetes-related social support variables. Satisfaction with support was a predictor for improved diabetes-specific quality of life (r = -.579, P < .001) and blood glucose monitoring (r = .258, P < .05). Positive support behavior was a predictor for following a healthy eating plan (r = .280, P < .05), spacing out carbohydrates evenly throughout the day (r = .367, P < .01), and performing physical activity at least 30 minutes per day (r = .296, P < .05). Negative support behavior was a predictor for not taking medication as recommended (r = -.348, P < .01).
Findings indicate that social support plays a role in diabetes-specific quality of life and self-management practices. Social support encompasses multiple dimensions that differentially influence specific diabetes health-related outcomes and behaviors.
本研究旨在探讨非裔美国2型糖尿病患者的社会支持及其与糖尿病特定生活质量和自我护理行为的关系。
本研究采用横断面观察性设计，招募了89名年龄在40岁及以上（平均年龄 = 60岁，标准差 = 10.5岁）的非裔美国成年2型糖尿病患者。参与者完成了评估糖尿病特定生活质量、自我护理行为（健康饮食、体育活动、血糖自我监测、足部护理、药物和/或胰岛素使用）、人口统计学背景以及糖尿病相关社会支持的测量。糖尿病相关社会支持变量包括获得的社会支持量、对支持的满意度、积极支持行为、消极支持行为以及主要支持来源。
进行逐步回归分析，控制人口统计学变量，以从糖尿病相关社会支持变量中识别糖尿病特定生活质量和自我护理行为的预测因素。对支持的满意度是糖尿病特定生活质量改善的预测因素（r = -0.579，P < 0.001）和血糖监测的预测因素（r = 0.258，P < 0.05）。积极支持行为是遵循健康饮食计划（r = 0.280，P < 0.05）、全天均匀分配碳水化合物（r = 0.367，P < 0.01）以及每天至少进行30分钟体育活动的预测因素（r = 0.296，P < 0.05）。消极支持行为是未按推荐服药的预测因素（r = -0.348，P < 0.01）。
研究结果表明，社会支持在糖尿病特定生活质量和自我管理实践中发挥作用。社会支持包括多个维度，这些维度对特定的糖尿病健康相关结果和行为有不同的影响。
