Yusof Hayati M, Miles Elizabeth A, Calder Philip
Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton , UK.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2008 Mar;78(3):219-28. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2008.02.002. Epub 2008 Apr 9.
This study investigated the effects of a moderate dose of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (1.8 g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus 0.3g docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) per day) given for 8 weeks to healthy middle-aged males on cardiovascular risk factors, particularly plasma lipids and inflammatory markers. The study was double-blind and placebo-controlled. The proportion of EPA was significantly increased in plasma phosphatidylcholine (from 1.4% to 5.0% of total fatty acids; P<0.001), cholesteryl esters (from 1.2% to 4.5%; P<0.001) and triacylglycerols (from 0.3% to 1.8%; P<0.001). In contrast, the more modest increases in DHA in these lipid fractions were not significant. There was very little effect of n-3 fatty acids on the risk factors measured, apart from a reduction in plasma soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1 concentration compared with placebo (P=0.05). The change in plasma sICAM-1 concentration was significantly inversely related to the change in DHA in plasma phosphatidylcholine (r=-0.675; P=0.001), but less so to the change in EPA (r=-0.406; P=0.076). Data from the present study suggest that marine oil providing 1.8 g of EPA plus 0.3g DHA/day is not sufficient to demonstrate marked effects on cardiovascular risk factors (plasma lipids and inflammatory markers) in healthy middle-aged men, although there may be a slight anti-inflammatory effect as indicated by the decrease in sICAM-1. The stronger association between changes in DHA than EPA and sICAM-1 concentrations suggest that DHA may be more anti-inflammatory than EPA. Thus, one reason why only limited effects were seen here may be that the dose of DHA provided was insufficient.
本研究调查了给予健康中年男性每天1.8克二十碳五烯酸（EPA）加0.3克二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的中等剂量长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸，持续8周，对心血管危险因素，尤其是血脂和炎症标志物的影响。该研究为双盲、安慰剂对照研究。血浆磷脂酰胆碱中EPA的比例显著增加（从总脂肪酸的1.4%增至5.0%；P<0.001），胆固醇酯中EPA的比例显著增加（从1.2%增至4.5%；P<0.001），甘油三酯中EPA的比例显著增加（从0.3%增至1.8%；P<0.001）。相比之下，这些脂质组分中DHA的增加幅度较小，且无统计学意义。除了与安慰剂相比血浆可溶性细胞间黏附分子（sICAM）-1浓度降低外（P=0.05），n-3脂肪酸对所测危险因素几乎没有影响。血浆sICAM-1浓度的变化与血浆磷脂酰胆碱中DHA的变化显著负相关（r=-0.675；P=0.001），但与EPA变化的相关性较弱（r=-0.406；P=0.076）。本研究数据表明，每天提供1.8克EPA加0.3克DHA的鱼油不足以对健康中年男性的心血管危险因素（血脂和炎症标志物）产生显著影响，尽管sICAM-1的降低表明可能存在轻微的抗炎作用。DHA变化与sICAM-1浓度之间的关联比EPA更强，这表明DHA可能比EPA具有更强的抗炎作用。因此，本研究中仅观察到有限效果的一个原因可能是所提供的DHA剂量不足。
