Yoshioka Noriyuki, Nakashima Hiroshi, Hosoda Kanae, Eitaki Yoko, Shimada Naoki, Omae Kazuyuki
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Japan.
J Occup Health. 2008;50(3):229-35. doi: 10.1539/joh.l7125. Epub 2008 Apr 11.
The relationship between oxidative stress and carcinogenic metals including nickel and cadmium is a matter of interest. To assess the oxidative stress status of workers exposed to nickel and cadmium simultaneously, we determined urinary excretion of 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-Gua), a urinary oxidative stress marker. Our subjects were 66 (64 males and 2 females) nickel-cadmium battery workers. Spot urine and blood samples were collected. The levels of cadmium in blood (Cd-B) and nickel in urine (Ni-U) were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. 8-OH-Gua in urine was analyzed using a high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD) system. Data on age, sex, duration of present work and smoking status were also obtained from each subject. Creatinine-adjusted 8-OH-Gua was significantly correlated with age, Ni-U and Cd-B in univariate analysis, while multivariate analysis revealed that Ni-U and Cd-B were significant independent variables and that these two biological exposure indices were positively correlated with 8-OH-Gua. The data were also analyzed in the context of mixture toxicity. The subjects were divided into groups based on median level of Ni-U and Cd-B (2.86 mug/g creatinine and 0.23 mug/dl, respectively). Workers with high Ni-U/high Cd-B (Group IV) had the highest levels of 8-OH-Gua levels (GM (GSD), 21.7(2.0)), followed by those with high Ni-U/low Cd-B (11.5(1.6) Group III), those with low Ni-U/high Cd-B (8.9(1.9) Group II), and those with low Ni-U/low Cd-B (8.5(1.5) Group I). The p values of Students' t-tests between Group I and Group II, III and IV were 0.847, 0.050 and <0.001, respectively. The combined effect of Cd and Ni on the urinary excretion of 8-OH-Gua departed from additivity.
氧化应激与包括镍和镉在内的致癌金属之间的关系是一个备受关注的问题。为了评估同时接触镍和镉的工人的氧化应激状态，我们测定了尿氧化应激标志物8-羟基鸟嘌呤（8-OH-Gua）的尿排泄量。我们的研究对象是66名（64名男性和2名女性）镍镉电池工人。采集了即时尿样和血样。采用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定血镉（Cd-B）和尿镍（Ni-U）水平。使用高效液相色谱-电化学检测器（HPLC-ECD）系统分析尿中的8-OH-Gua。还从每个研究对象处获取了年龄、性别、当前工作时长和吸烟状况的数据。在单因素分析中，肌酐校正后的8-OH-Gua与年龄、Ni-U和Cd-B显著相关，而多因素分析表明，Ni-U和Cd-B是显著的独立变量，这两个生物暴露指标与8-OH-Gua呈正相关。还在混合毒性的背景下对数据进行了分析。根据Ni-U和Cd-B的中位数水平（分别为2.86μg/g肌酐和0.23μg/dl）将研究对象分组。高Ni-U/高Cd-B组（第四组）的8-OH-Gua水平最高（几何均数（几何标准差），21.7(2.0)），其次是高Ni-U/低Cd-B组（11.5(1.6)，第三组）、低Ni-U/高Cd-B组（8.9(1.9)，第二组）和低Ni-U/低Cd-B组（8.5(1.5)，第一组）。第一组与第二组、第三组与第四组之间的学生t检验p值分别为0.847、0.050和<0.001。镉和镍对8-OH-Gua尿排泄的联合作用偏离了相加性。
