McKinley Sharon, Madronio Christine
Critical Care Nursing Professorial Unit, University of Technology Sydney and Northern Sydney Central Coast Health, NSW, Australia.
J Psychosom Res. 2008 May;64(5):503-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.02.002.
Anxiety is a commonly reported discomfort in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) but is rarely assessed routinely in a systematic manner. The main aim of this study was to assess criterion validity of the Faces Anxiety Scale in relation to the State-Anxiety Inventory (SAI) in intensive care patients able to respond verbally to the items in the SAI of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. It also reports on the severity of anxiety in intensive care patients not receiving mechanical ventilation.
Nonventilated intensive care patients (n=100) self-reported anxiety levels on the Faces Anxiety Scale and on the SAI, administered in random order. Validity was examined using Spearman's rho.
Patients had a mean age of 59.8 years and 65% were male; were in ICU for mainly cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological diagnoses; and had median length of stay of 2.1 days. The correlation between the two scales was .70 (P<.0005), indicating good criterion validity. Patients reported low to moderate levels of anxiety on both the Faces Anxiety Scale and the Spielberger SAI.
The Faces Anxiety Scale is a valid single-item, self-report measure of state anxiety in intensive care patients that is easy to administer and imposes minimal respondent burden. It has the potential to be a useful instrument for the assessment of state anxiety by clinicians and for research into the reduction of anxiety in this vulnerable population.
焦虑是重症监护病房（ICU）中危重症患者常见的不适症状，但很少进行常规系统评估。本研究的主要目的是评估面部焦虑量表（Faces Anxiety Scale）相对于状态焦虑量表（State - Anxiety Inventory，SAI）的效标效度，该研究针对的是能够对斯皮尔伯格状态 - 特质焦虑量表（Spielberger State - Trait Anxiety Inventory）中SAI项目进行口头回应的重症监护患者。本研究还报告了未接受机械通气的重症监护患者的焦虑严重程度。
100名未接受机械通气的重症监护患者，以随机顺序分别使用面部焦虑量表和SAI自我报告焦虑水平。使用斯皮尔曼等级相关系数（Spearman's rho）检验效度。
患者的平均年龄为59.8岁，65%为男性；入住ICU主要是因为心血管、呼吸和神经方面的诊断；中位住院时间为2.1天。两个量表之间的相关性为0.70（P < 0.0005），表明效标效度良好。患者在面部焦虑量表和斯皮尔伯格SAI上均报告了低至中度的焦虑水平。
面部焦虑量表是一种有效的单项自我报告工具，用于测量重症监护患者的状态焦虑，易于实施，对受访者负担极小。它有可能成为临床医生评估状态焦虑以及研究减轻这一脆弱人群焦虑的有用工具。
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