Frost-Christensen L N, Mastbergen S C, Vianen M E, Hartog A, DeGroot J, Voorhout G, van Wees A M C, Lafeber F P J G, Hazewinkel H A W
Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2008 Nov;16(11):1327-35. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.03.013. Epub 2008 Apr 28.
The most used model for joint instability is the canine anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-model. The ACLT-model can be extended with a medial meniscectomy (MX) (i.e., ACLT-MX-model) to avoid unintentional, and with that variable, meniscal damage. The present study compares the ACLT-MX-model with the more recently introduced Groove-model on longitudinal measurements of osteophyte formation and gait as a surrogate marker of pain and disability, in addition to structural endpoint parameters.
Degenerative joint damage was induced Labrador dogs according to the ACLT-MX-model (n=7) or Groove-model (n=7). Every 4 weeks radiographs were taken to analyze osteophyte formation. Every 2 weeks gait was recorded using force-plate analysis. Joints were analyzed for features of degeneration 12 weeks after surgery.
Both models showed similar osteophyte formation and gait changes for both experimental and contra-lateral control joints, although more pronounced for the ACLT-MX-model. This was supported by the structural endpoint measurements. Cartilage integrity, chondrocyte activity and synovial inflammation revealed similar characteristics of degenerative joint disease in both groups, again more pronounced in the ACLT-MX-model.
The ACLT-MX-model demonstrates characteristics of joint degeneration that are related to moderate to severe osteoarthritis with clear synovial inflammatory activity. The Groove-model is a less painful and a significantly milder model of joint degeneration. The latter model might be more suitable to study subtle changes as a result of intervention than the more robust ACLT-MX-model.
最常用的关节不稳定模型是犬前交叉韧带切断术（ACLT）模型。ACLT模型可通过内侧半月板切除术（MX）进行扩展（即ACLT - MX模型），以避免意外的、且因而是可变的半月板损伤。本研究除了比较结构终点参数外，还在纵向测量骨赘形成和步态方面，将ACLT - MX模型与最近引入的Groove模型进行比较，步态作为疼痛和残疾的替代指标。
根据ACLT - MX模型（n = 7）或Groove模型（n = 7）在拉布拉多犬中诱导退行性关节损伤。每4周拍摄X线片以分析骨赘形成。每2周使用测力板分析记录步态。术后12周对关节进行退变特征分析。
两种模型在实验关节和对侧对照关节中均显示出相似的骨赘形成和步态变化，尽管ACLT - MX模型更为明显。这得到了结构终点测量的支持。软骨完整性、软骨细胞活性和滑膜炎症在两组中均显示出退行性关节疾病的相似特征，同样在ACLT - MX模型中更为明显。
ACLT - MX模型表现出与中度至重度骨关节炎相关的关节退变特征，伴有明显的滑膜炎症活动。Groove模型疼痛较轻，是一种明显较轻的关节退变模型。与更稳定的ACLT - MX模型相比，后一种模型可能更适合研究干预导致的细微变化。
