Mason Winter A, Conrey Frederica R, Smith Eliot R
Department of Psychology and Brain Sciences, Indiana University - Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2007 Aug;11(3):279-300. doi: 10.1177/1088868307301032.
Social psychologists have studied the psychological processes involved in persuasion, conformity, and other forms of social influence, but they have rarely modeled the ways influence processes play out when multiple sources and multiple targets of influence interact over time. However, workers in other fields from sociology and economics to cognitive science and physics have recognized the importance of social influence and have developed models of influence flow in populations and groups-generally without relying on detailed social psychological findings. This article reviews models of social influence from a number of fields, categorizing them using four conceptual dimensions to delineate the universe of possible models. The goal is to encourage interdisciplinary collaborations to build models that incorporate the detailed, microlevel understanding of influence processes derived from focused laboratory studies but contextualized in ways that recognize how multidirectional, dynamic influences are situated in people's social networks and relationships.
社会心理学家研究了说服、从众及其他形式的社会影响所涉及的心理过程，但他们很少对随着时间推移，多个影响源和多个受影响目标相互作用时影响过程的展开方式进行建模。然而，从社会学、经济学到认知科学和物理学等其他领域的研究者已经认识到社会影响的重要性，并开发了人口和群体中的影响流动模型——通常不依赖于详细的社会心理学研究结果。本文回顾了多个领域的社会影响模型，使用四个概念维度对它们进行分类，以描绘可能模型的范围。目标是鼓励跨学科合作，构建能结合来自重点实验室研究的对影响过程的详细微观层面理解，但又能将其置于一定背景中的模型，这种背景能认识到多向、动态影响在人们的社会网络和关系中的存在方式。
