Schwartz Michael H, Rozumalski Adam, Trost Joyce P
Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, St Paul, MN 55101, USA.
J Biomech. 2008;41(8):1639-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.03.015. Epub 2008 May 7.
Many gait studies include subjects walking well below or above typical self-selected comfortable (free) speed. For this reason, a descriptive study examining the effect of walking speed on gait was conducted. The purpose of the study was to create a single-source, readily accessible repository of comprehensive gait data for a large group of children walking at a wide variety of speeds. Three-dimensional lower extremity joint kinematics, joint kinetics, surface electromyographic (EMG), and spatio-temporal data were collected on 83 typically developing children (ages 4-17) walking at speeds ranging from very slow (>3 standard deviations below mean free speed) to very fast (>3 standard deviations above mean free speed). The resulting data show that speed has a significant influence on many measures of interest, such as kinematic parameters in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes. The same was true for kinetic data (ground reaction force, moment, and power), normalized EMG signals, and spatio-temporal parameters. Examples of parameters with linear and various nonlinear speed dependencies are provided. The data from this study, including an extensive electronic addendum, can be used as a reference for both basic biomechanical and clinical gait studies.
许多步态研究纳入的受试者行走速度远低于或高于典型的自我选择舒适（自由）速度。因此，开展了一项描述性研究，考察行走速度对步态的影响。该研究的目的是为一大群以各种速度行走的儿童创建一个单一来源、易于获取的综合步态数据存储库。收集了83名发育正常儿童（4至17岁）在从非常慢（比平均自由速度低超过3个标准差）到非常快（比平均自由速度高超过3个标准差）的速度范围内行走时的三维下肢关节运动学、关节动力学、表面肌电图（EMG）和时空数据。所得数据表明，速度对许多感兴趣的指标有显著影响，如矢状面、冠状面和横断面的运动学参数。动力学数据（地面反作用力、力矩和功率）、归一化EMG信号和时空参数也是如此。提供了具有线性和各种非线性速度依赖性的参数示例。这项研究的数据，包括一份详尽的电子附录，可作为基础生物力学和临床步态研究的参考。
