Rosenberg Steven A, Zhang Duan, Robinson Cordelia C
University of Colorado Denver, Campus Box C268-63, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
Pediatrics. 2008 Jun;121(6):e1503-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-1680. Epub 2008 May 26.
The objective of this study was to use a nationally representative longitudinal sample of children born in the United States in 2001 to estimate rates of eligibility for Part C early intervention, to estimate rates of access to services for developmental delays, and to examine factors that are associated with access to services.
Data for this study were collected as part of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort, which obtained data from participants when children were 9 and 24 months of age. Descriptive analyses were used to generate national estimates of the prevalence of developmental delays that would make children eligible for Part C services and rates of participation in early intervention services. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine whether child developmental delay, race, insurance availability, and poverty status were associated with the probability of receiving services.
Results indicated that approximately 13% of children in the sample had developmental delays that would make them eligible for Part C early intervention. At 24 months, only 10% of children with delays received services. Children with developmental delays were more likely to receive services than those who do not have delays; black children were less likely to receive services than children from other ethnic and racial groups.
The prevalence of developmental delays that make children eligible for Part C services is much higher than previously thought. Moreover, the majority of children who are eligible for Part C services are not receiving services for their developmental problems. Strategies need to be developed to monitor patterns of enrollment in early intervention services and reach out to more minority children, particularly black children.
本研究的目的是利用2001年在美国出生儿童的全国代表性纵向样本，估计符合C部分早期干预资格的比率，估计发育迟缓儿童获得服务的比率，并研究与获得服务相关的因素。
本研究的数据是作为儿童早期纵向研究出生队列的一部分收集的，该研究在儿童9个月和24个月大时从参与者那里获取数据。描述性分析用于得出全国范围内符合C部分服务资格的发育迟缓患病率估计值以及早期干预服务参与率。进行逻辑回归分析以检验儿童发育迟缓、种族、保险可得性和贫困状况是否与接受服务的可能性相关。
结果表明，样本中约13%的儿童存在发育迟缓，这使他们有资格获得C部分早期干预。在24个月时，只有10%的发育迟缓儿童接受了服务。发育迟缓儿童比无发育迟缓儿童更有可能接受服务；黑人儿童比其他种族和族裔群体的儿童接受服务的可能性更小。
符合C部分服务资格的发育迟缓患病率比之前认为的要高得多。此外，大多数符合C部分服务资格的儿童因发育问题未接受服务。需要制定策略来监测早期干预服务的登记模式，并联系更多少数族裔儿童，尤其是黑人儿童。
