Siroky J
Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
Cytogenet Genome Res. 2008;120(3-4):202-9. doi: 10.1159/000121068. Epub 2008 May 22.
The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has long been used for genetic, cellular and molecular studies. Whereas this plant was used as a model of genetics in the 1940's, the first cytogenetic observation of A. thaliana chromosomes was published in the beginning of the 20th century. Although Arabidopsis was not originally considered to be a good plant model for cytogenetics due to smallness of its genome, the number of published chromosome studies has expanded enormously in recent years. The advent of fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques on meiotic chromosomes together with indirect immuno-fluorescence localization of key chromosomal and nuclear proteins and wide accessibility of Arabidopsis mutants have resulted in a synergistic boost in Arabidopsis cytogenetics. In comparison to other plant species, the small genome with under-represented DNA repeats together with a small number of chromosomes makes this model plant easy to comprehend for a cytologist.
模式植物拟南芥长期以来一直用于遗传学、细胞和分子研究。20世纪40年代，这种植物被用作遗传学模型，而关于拟南芥染色体的首次细胞遗传学观察结果于20世纪初发表。尽管由于拟南芥基因组较小，它最初并不被认为是细胞遗传学的良好植物模型，但近年来已发表的染色体研究数量大幅增加。减数分裂染色体上荧光原位杂交技术的出现，以及关键染色体和核蛋白的间接免疫荧光定位，再加上拟南芥突变体的广泛可得性，共同推动了拟南芥细胞遗传学的协同发展。与其他植物物种相比，具有较少代表性DNA重复序列的小基因组以及较少的染色体数量，使得这种模式植物对于细胞学家来说易于理解。
