Tian Linwei, Lucas Donald, Fischer Susan L, Lee S C, Hammond S Katharine, Koshland Catherine P
School of Public Health, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Apr 1;42(7):2503-8. doi: 10.1021/es0716610.
An open fire was assembled with firebricks to simulate the household fire pit used in rural China, and 15 different coals from this area were burned to measure the gaseous and particulate emissions. Particle size distribution was studied with a microorifice uniform-deposit impactor (MOUDI). Over 90% of the particulate mass was attributed to sub-micrometer particles. The carbon balance method was used to calculate the emission factors. Emission factors for four pollutants (particulate matter, CO2, total hydrocarbons, and NOx) were 2-4 times higherfor bituminous coals than for anthracites. In past inventories of carbonaceous emissions used for climate modeling, these two types of coal were not treated separately. The dramatic emission factor difference between the two types of coal warrants attention in the future development of emission inventories.
用耐火砖搭建了一个明火装置，以模拟中国农村使用的家用火坑，并燃烧了该地区15种不同的煤，以测量气体和颗粒物排放。使用微孔均匀沉积冲击器（MOUDI）研究了粒径分布。超过90%的颗粒物质量归因于亚微米颗粒。采用碳平衡法计算排放因子。四种污染物（颗粒物、二氧化碳、总烃和氮氧化物）的排放因子，烟煤比无烟煤高2至4倍。在过去用于气候建模的碳质排放清单中，这两种煤没有分开处理。两种煤之间显著的排放因子差异值得在未来排放清单的编制中予以关注。
