Bray Signe, Rangel Antonio, Shimojo Shinsuke, Balleine Bernard, O'Doherty John P
Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
J Neurosci. 2008 May 28;28(22):5861-6. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0897-08.2008.
In outcome-specific transfer, pavlovian cues that are predictive of specific outcomes bias action choice toward actions associated with those outcomes. This transfer occurs despite no explicit training of the instrumental actions in the presence of pavlovian cues. The neural substrates of this effect in humans are unknown. To address this, we scanned 23 human subjects with functional magnetic resonance imaging while they made choices between different liquid food rewards in the presence of pavlovian cues previously associated with one of these outcomes. We found behavioral evidence of outcome-specific transfer effects in our subjects, as well as differential blood oxygenation level-dependent activity in a region of ventrolateral putamen when subjects chose, respectively, actions consistent and inconsistent with the pavlovian-predicted outcome. Our results suggest that choosing an action incompatible with a pavlovian-predicted outcome might require the inhibition of feasible but nonselected action-outcome associations. The results of this study are relevant for understanding how marketing actions can affect consumer choice behavior as well as for how environmental cues can influence drug-seeking behavior in addiction.
在特定结果的迁移中，预示特定结果的巴甫洛夫线索会使行动选择偏向于与这些结果相关的行动。尽管在巴甫洛夫线索存在的情况下没有对工具性行动进行明确训练，但这种迁移仍会发生。这种效应在人类中的神经基础尚不清楚。为了解决这个问题，我们对23名人类受试者进行了功能磁共振成像扫描，让他们在存在先前与其中一种结果相关的巴甫洛夫线索的情况下，在不同的液体食物奖励之间做出选择。我们在受试者中发现了特定结果迁移效应的行为证据，以及当受试者分别选择与巴甫洛夫预测结果一致和不一致的行动时，腹外侧壳核区域不同的血氧水平依赖活动。我们的结果表明，选择与巴甫洛夫预测结果不兼容的行动可能需要抑制可行但未被选择的行动-结果关联。这项研究的结果对于理解营销行动如何影响消费者选择行为以及环境线索如何影响成瘾中的觅药行为具有重要意义。
