Rebsomen L, Khammar A, Raccah D, Tsimaratos M
UPRES EA 21-93, Laboratoire de Diabétologie, Faculté de Médecine de Marseille, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France.
Exp Diabetes Res. 2008;2008:281536. doi: 10.1155/2008/281536.
The C-peptide of proinsulin is important for the biosynthesis of insulin and has for a long time been considered to be biologically inert. Animal studies have shown that some of the renal effects of the C-peptide may in part be explained by its ability to stimulate the Na,K-ATPase activity. Precisely, the C-peptide reduces diabetes-induced glomerular hyperfiltration both in animals and humans, therefore, resulting in regression of fibrosis. The tubular function is also concerned as diabetic animals supplemented with C-peptide exhibit better renal function resulting in reduced urinary sodium waste and protein excretion together with the reduction of the diabetes-induced glomerular hyperfiltration. The tubular effectors of C-peptide were considered to be tubule transporters, but recent studies have shown that biochemical pathways involving cellular kinases and inflammatory pathways may also be important. The matter theory concerning the C-peptide effects is a metabolic one involving the effects of the C-peptide on lipidic metabolic status. This review concentrates on the most convincing data which indicate that the C-peptide is a biologically active hormone for renal physiology.
胰岛素原的C肽对胰岛素的生物合成很重要，长期以来一直被认为是无生物活性的。动物研究表明，C肽的一些肾脏效应部分可以通过其刺激钠钾ATP酶活性的能力来解释。确切地说，C肽在动物和人类中均可减轻糖尿病诱导的肾小球高滤过，从而导致纤维化消退。肾小管功能也受到关注，因为补充C肽的糖尿病动物表现出更好的肾功能，导致尿钠排泄和蛋白质排泄减少，同时糖尿病诱导的肾小球高滤过也有所减轻。C肽的肾小管效应器曾被认为是肾小管转运体，但最近的研究表明，涉及细胞激酶和炎症途径的生化途径可能也很重要。关于C肽作用的物质理论是一种涉及C肽对脂质代谢状态影响的代谢理论。本综述集中于最有说服力的数据，这些数据表明C肽是一种对肾脏生理学具有生物活性的激素。
