Sheeder Jeanelle, Tocce Kristina, Stevens-Simon Catherine
Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital, University of Colorado, Denver, 13123 East 16th Avenue, B025, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2009 May;13(3):306-17. doi: 10.1007/s10995-008-0368-7. Epub 2008 May 29.
Compare the relationship between childbearing intentions, maternal behaviors, and pregnancy outcomes in a group of early/middle adolescents versus a group of late adolescents (specifically high school seniors, high school graduates, and GED certificate recipients).
The reasons given by a racially/ethnically diverse group of 1,568 pregnant 13-18 year olds for not using contraception were used to classify their pregnancies as intended or unintended. Proportion comparison tests and stepwise logistic regression analyses were used to study the relationship between childbearing intentions, maternal behaviors, and pregnancy outcomes.
Regardless of age, adolescents who intended to become pregnant conceived in an objectively more hospitable and supportive childbearing milieu than those who conceived unintentionally. This is evidenced by their greater likelihood of having goals compatible with adolescent childbearing, cohabitation with the father of the child, and living in a non-chaotic environment. However, pregnancy planning was not associated with improved compliance with preventive health care recommendations during gestation nor with infant outcomes. As such, the consequences among adolescents with intended pregnancies were negative, as evidenced by a higher rate of smoking, STDs late in gestation, school dropout, and repeat conception.
Like adults, adolescents with intended pregnancies conceived in an objectively more supportive environment than their counterparts with unintended pregnancies. However, this advantage did not translate into better support, healthier maternal behavior during gestation, or improved pregnancy outcomes.
比较一组早期/中期青少年与一组晚期青少年（具体为高中高年级学生、高中毕业生和获得普通教育发展证书者）的生育意愿、母亲行为与妊娠结局之间的关系。
对1568名年龄在13至18岁之间、种族/民族各异的孕妇不使用避孕措施的原因进行分析，以此将她们的妊娠分为有计划或无计划。采用比例比较检验和逐步逻辑回归分析来研究生育意愿、母亲行为与妊娠结局之间的关系。
无论年龄大小，有妊娠计划的青少年相比意外怀孕的青少年，其受孕时所处的生育环境在客观上更适宜且更具支持性。这一点体现在他们更有可能拥有与青少年生育相符的目标、与孩子父亲同居以及生活在非混乱环境中。然而，妊娠计划与孕期预防性保健建议的更高依从性以及婴儿结局并无关联。因此，有计划妊娠的青少年所面临的后果是负面的，表现为吸烟率更高、妊娠后期性传播疾病感染率更高、辍学以及再次怀孕。
与成年人一样，有计划妊娠的青少年相比意外怀孕的青少年，其受孕时所处的环境在客观上更具支持性。然而，这种优势并未转化为更好的支持、孕期更健康的母亲行为或改善的妊娠结局。
