Romijn Johannes A, Corssmit Eleonora P, Havekes Louis M, Pijl Hanno
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2008 Jul;11(4):518-21. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e328302c9b0.
To summarize recent studies on the regulation and the functions of the gut-brain axis.
Visual cues of food and food intake interact with the gut-brain axis at the level of the hypothalamus. However, the hypothalamic response to glucose intake is considerably altered in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, indicating involvement of the hypothalamus in the pathophysiology of this disease in humans. A large number of studies have documented the functions of gut peptides with respect to the regulation of satiety. Gut peptides are involved in the regulation of insulin secretion and sensitivity. Recent data indicate that peptide YY is a gut hormone that also modulates bone metabolism. Increasing evidence is obtained on the role of afferent gastrointestinal nerves, especially the vagal nerve, in the modulation of the functions of the gut-brain axis.
The gut-brain axis is involved in a multitude of physiological processes including satiety, food intake, regulation of glucose and fat metabolism, insulin secretion and sensitivity and bone metabolism. It is likely, that more aspects of this system will be found the near future.
总结近期关于肠-脑轴调节及其功能的研究。
食物的视觉线索和食物摄入在下丘脑水平与肠-脑轴相互作用。然而，2型糖尿病患者下丘脑对葡萄糖摄入的反应有显著改变，这表明下丘脑参与了人类该疾病的病理生理过程。大量研究记录了肠肽在饱腹感调节方面的功能。肠肽参与胰岛素分泌和敏感性的调节。近期数据表明，肽YY是一种也能调节骨代谢的肠激素。关于传入性胃肠神经，尤其是迷走神经，在调节肠-脑轴功能中的作用，已有越来越多的证据。
肠-脑轴参与多种生理过程，包括饱腹感、食物摄入、葡萄糖和脂肪代谢调节、胰岛素分泌和敏感性以及骨代谢。很可能在不久的将来会发现该系统的更多方面。
