Gutiérrez Lina A, Naranjo Nelson, Jaramillo Luz Marina, Muskus Carlos, Luckhart Shirley, Conn Jan E, Correa Margarita M
Grupo de Microbiología Molecular, Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Acta Trop. 2008 Aug;107(2):99-105. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.04.019. Epub 2008 May 1.
Malaria is an important public health problem in Colombia. Among the major vectors in Colombia, Anopheles albimanus is recognized for its importance on the Pacific Coast where it is the predominant species; it is also found in the Atlantic Coast, although its vectorial role in this region is not clear. We examined the occurrence of An. albimanus in four localities of the Pacific and three of the Atlantic Coast. Morphological identification of problematic specimens was confirmed by a molecular assay. All identified mosquitoes at these sites, including An. albimanus, were also tested for malaria parasite infection. From 12,189 anophelines collected, 6370 were from the Pacific Coast, and corresponded to 99% An. albimanus, 0.8% Anopheles neivai, and three other species at <0.2%. From the Atlantic Coast we identified 5819 specimens with 61% An. albimanus, 36% Anopheles triannulatus s.l. and five other species at <2%. In both coasts, species present at lower percentages included several incriminated as vectors in neighboring countries. Six Pacific Coast specimens were infected with malaria parasites: four An. albimanus, two with Plasmodium vivax VK247, one with P. vivax VK210 and one with Plasmodium falciparum; two An. neivai with P. falciparum. Our data support the continued predominance of An. albimanus in the Pacific Coast, and demonstrate that this species is the most abundant in the Atlantic Coast as well.
疟疾是哥伦比亚一个重要的公共卫生问题。在哥伦比亚的主要病媒中，白纹伊蚊因其在太平洋沿岸的重要性而受到认可，它是该地区的优势物种；在大西洋沿岸也有发现，尽管其在该地区的病媒作用尚不清楚。我们调查了太平洋沿岸四个地点和大西洋沿岸三个地点的白纹伊蚊分布情况。通过分子检测确认了有问题标本的形态学鉴定。对这些地点所有鉴定出的蚊子，包括白纹伊蚊，也进行了疟原虫感染检测。在收集的12189只按蚊中，6370只来自太平洋沿岸，其中99%为白纹伊蚊，0.8%为内氏按蚊，其他三种按蚊占比均低于0.2%。在大西洋沿岸，我们鉴定出5819只标本，其中61%为白纹伊蚊，36%为环纹按蚊复合组，其他五种按蚊占比均低于2%。在两个海岸，占比更低的物种包括在邻国被认定为病媒的几种。太平洋沿岸有6只标本感染了疟原虫：4只为白纹伊蚊，其中2只感染间日疟原虫VK247，1只感染间日疟原虫VK210，1只感染恶性疟原虫；2只为内氏按蚊，均感染恶性疟原虫。我们的数据支持白纹伊蚊在太平洋沿岸持续占主导地位，并表明该物种在大西洋沿岸也是数量最多的。
