Voglmayr Hermann, Jaklitsch Walter M
Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Faculty Center Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Wien, Austria.
Mycol Res. 2008 Aug;112(Pt 8):885-905. doi: 10.1016/j.mycres.2008.01.020. Epub 2008 Feb 16.
Data from microscopic morphology, single-spore cultures, and DNA analyses of teleomorphs and anamorphs support the recognition of five species of Prosthecium with Stegonsporium anamorphs on Acer: P. acerinum sp. nov., the teleomorph of S. acerinum; P. acerophilum comb. nov., formerly known as Dictyoporthe acerophila; P. galeatum comb. nov., originally described as Massaria galeata; P. opalus sp. nov.; and P. pyriforme sp. nov., the teleomorph of S. pyriforme s. str. The morphology of both type specimens and freshly collected material was investigated. The teleomorphs have brown ellipsoidal ascospores with five distosepta and often a longitudinal distoseptum. The anamorphs of all species described here belong to Stegonsporium; their connection to the Prosthecium teleomorphs was demonstrated by morphology and DNA sequences of single spore cultures derived from both ascospores and conidia. The anamorphs and teleomorphs of all five Prosthecium species are described and illustrated by LM images, and a key to these species is provided. As perceived from this work, S. pyriforme is restricted to Europe and does not occur in North America, whereas S. acerinum is restricted to North America, not found in Europe. The host associations given in the literature are revised and evidence is provided that only A. opalus, A. pseudoplatanus, and A. saccharum are confirmed hosts of Prosthecium with Stegonsporium anamorphs. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of tef1, ITS rDNA, and partial nuLSU rDNA sequences confirm that the species with Stegonsporium anamorphs are closely related to P. ellipsosporum, the generic type species. Stilbospora macrosperma is confirmed as the anamorph of P. ellipsosporum by DNA data of single spore isolates obtained from both ascospores and conidia.
来自微观形态学、单孢培养以及有性型和无性型DNA分析的数据支持了在槭树上具有Stegonsporium无性型的五种Prosthecium的认定：新种槭生Prosthecium（P. acerinum sp. nov.），为槭生Stegonsporium（S. acerinum）的有性型；新组合嗜槭Prosthecium（P. acerophilum comb. nov.），原名嗜槭座盘孢（Dictyoporthe acerophila）；新组合盔状Prosthecium（P. galeatum comb. nov.），最初描述为盔状盘菌（Massaria galeata）；新种乳白Prosthecium（P. opalus sp. nov.）；以及新种梨形Prosthecium（P. pyriforme sp. nov.），为狭义梨形Stegonsporium（S. pyriforme s. str.）的有性型。对模式标本和新鲜采集材料的形态进行了研究。有性型具有带五个双隔膜且常有一个纵向双隔膜的褐色椭圆形子囊孢子。这里描述的所有物种的无性型都属于Stegonsporium；通过从子囊孢子和分生孢子衍生的单孢培养物的形态和DNA序列证明了它们与Prosthecium有性型的联系。通过光学显微镜（LM）图像描述并展示了所有五种Prosthecium物种的无性型和有性型，并提供了这些物种的检索表。从这项工作可知，梨形Stegonsporium局限于欧洲，在北美不出现，而槭生Stegonsporium局限于北美，在欧洲未发现。对文献中给出的寄主关联进行了修订，并提供了证据表明只有乳白槭（A. opalus）、假挪威槭（A. pseudoplatanus）和糖槭（A. saccharum）是具有Stegonsporium无性型的Prosthecium的确定寄主。对tef1、ITS rDNA和部分核大亚基（nuLSU）rDNA序列的分子系统发育分析证实，具有Stegonsporium无性型的物种与模式属种椭圆Prosthecium（P. ellipsosporum）密切相关。通过从子囊孢子和分生孢子获得的单孢分离物的DNA数据证实，大孢柄孢壳（Stilbospora macrosperma）是椭圆Prosthecium的无性型。
