Lyles D S, Landsberger F R
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Oct;73(10):3497-501. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.10.3497.
Techniques of spin-label electron spin resonance have been used to prove changes in the structure of the lipid phase of erythrocyte membrane after agglutination by viruses and lectins. When chicken erythrocytes are agglutinated by Sendai and influenza viruses and by the lectins concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin, the membrane lipid phase becomes more fluid, as detected by three different lipophilic spin-laveled probes. Colchicine, vinblastine, and tetracaine inhibit the fluidization of chicken erythrocyte membrane by Sendai virus, whereas cytochalasin B has no effect. The effect of colchicine was time dependent, the initial inhibition decreasing with longer preincubation times. Extensive treatment of erythrocytes with proteases or neuraminidase, while not altering the bilayer structure, abolishes the effect of Sendai virus on the erythrocyte membrane, suggesting that a change in the interaction of the receptor protein with the lipid phase occurs upon virus attachment. Glutaraldehyde fixation increased the structural rigidity of the chicken erythrocyte membrane and inhibited the effect of viral agglutination. No change in bilayer structure was observed upon agglutination of human erythrocytes or the isolated plasma membranes of either human or chicken erythrocytes. This result is consistent with the drug sensitivity of the effects of agglutination upon chicken erythrocytes, since human erythrocytes and isolated membranes lack microtubule-like structures.
自旋标记电子自旋共振技术已被用于证明病毒和凝集素凝集后红细胞膜脂质相结构的变化。当鸡红细胞被仙台病毒、流感病毒以及凝集素伴刀豆球蛋白A和麦胚凝集素凝集时，通过三种不同的亲脂性自旋标记探针检测到膜脂质相变得更具流动性。秋水仙碱、长春碱和丁卡因可抑制仙台病毒引起的鸡红细胞膜的流动性变化，而细胞松弛素B则无此作用。秋水仙碱的作用具有时间依赖性，随着预孵育时间延长，初始抑制作用减弱。用蛋白酶或神经氨酸酶对红细胞进行广泛处理，虽不改变双层结构，但可消除仙台病毒对红细胞膜的影响，这表明病毒附着后受体蛋白与脂质相的相互作用发生了变化。戊二醛固定增加了鸡红细胞膜的结构刚性，并抑制了病毒凝集的作用。人红细胞或人及鸡红细胞的分离质膜凝集后，未观察到双层结构的变化。这一结果与凝集对鸡红细胞作用的药物敏感性一致，因为人红细胞和分离的膜缺乏微管样结构。
