Heller Daphna, Grodner Daniel, Tanenhaus Michael K
Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
Cognition. 2008 Sep;108(3):831-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2008.04.008. Epub 2008 Jun 30.
We used the contrastive expectation associated with scalar adjectives to examine whether listeners are sensitive to the distinction between common and privileged information during real-time reference resolution. Our results show that listeners used this distinction to narrow the set of potential referents to objects with contrasts in common ground from the earliest moments. These results extend previous evidence that ground information influences real-time language processing by showing that the distinction between common and privileged information is used without being triggered by unusual circumstances.
我们利用与标量形容词相关的对比预期,来检验在实时指称消解过程中,听众是否对普通信息和特权信息之间的区别敏感。我们的研究结果表明,从最初时刻起,听众就利用这种区别,将潜在指称对象的范围缩小到在共同背景中有对比的对象。这些结果扩展了先前的证据,即背景信息会影响实时语言处理,表明普通信息和特权信息之间的区别在没有异常情况触发时也会被使用。