Braiman Alex, Priel Zvi
The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2008 Nov 30;163(1-3):202-7. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2008.05.010. Epub 2008 May 22.
The respiratory mucociliary epithelium is a synchronized and highly effective waste-disposal system. It uses mucus as a vehicle, driven by beating cilia, to transport unwanted particles, trapped in the mucus, away from the respiratory system. The ciliary machinery can function in at least two different modes: a low rate of beating that requires only ATP, and a high rate of beating regulated by second messengers. The mucus propelling velocity is linearly dependent on ciliary beat frequency (CBF). The linear dependence implies that a substantial increase in transport efficiency requires an equally substantial rise in CBF. The ability to enhance beating in response to various physiological cues is a hallmark of mucociliary cells. An intricate signaling network controls ciliary activity, which relies on interplay between calcium and cyclic nucleotide pathways.
呼吸道黏液纤毛上皮是一个同步且高效的废物处理系统。它利用黏液作为载体，在纤毛摆动的驱动下，将困于黏液中的不需要的颗粒从呼吸系统运走。纤毛机制至少可以在两种不同模式下运作：一种是仅需ATP的低摆动速率，另一种是由第二信使调节的高摆动速率。黏液推进速度与纤毛摆动频率（CBF）呈线性相关。这种线性关系意味着运输效率的大幅提高需要CBF同样大幅上升。响应各种生理信号增强摆动的能力是黏液纤毛细胞的一个标志。一个复杂的信号网络控制着纤毛活动，这依赖于钙和环核苷酸途径之间的相互作用。
