Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
In Vivo. 2020 Nov-Dec;34(6):3285-3289. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12166.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Cocaine is a widely used recreational drug and is known for its nasal complications including epithelial, cartilage and bone damage. The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of cocaine on ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of human nasal epithelial cells and therefore better understand its side effects on nasal mucosa.
Nasal epithelial cells of 21 healthy subjects were harvested and exposed in vitro to cocaine hydrochloride solutions ranging from 0.875% to 7%. High-speed video footage was acquired with phase contrast microscopy and CBF was analyzed with Sissons-Ammons Video Analysis (SAVA) software.
All tested concentrations led to a significant reduction in CBF compared to the control. Effects increased over time and with concentration. A mechanical inhibition of cilia by cocaine crystals was also observed.
We assume that CBF reduction is part of the pathomechanism leading to nasal complications in cocaine abuse. Considering these results, clinical usage of cocaine should be critically evaluated and restricted to select cases only.
背景/目的：可卡因是一种广泛使用的娱乐性药物，其已知的鼻腔并发症包括上皮、软骨和骨损伤。本研究的目的是分析可卡因对人鼻腔上皮细胞纤毛摆动频率（CBF）的影响，从而更好地了解其对鼻黏膜的副作用。
从 21 名健康受试者中采集鼻腔上皮细胞，并在体外暴露于浓度范围从 0.875%至 7%的盐酸可卡因溶液中。使用相差显微镜获取高速视频片段，并使用 Sissons-Ammons 视频分析（SAVA）软件分析 CBF。
与对照组相比，所有测试浓度均导致 CBF 显著降低。随着时间的推移和浓度的增加，效果逐渐增强。还观察到可卡因晶体对纤毛的机械抑制作用。
我们假设 CBF 降低是导致可卡因滥用引起鼻腔并发症的发病机制的一部分。考虑到这些结果，可卡因的临床应用应受到严格评估，并仅在选择的情况下使用。
