Massoglia Michael, Uggen Christopher
The Pennsylvania State University.
J Contemp Crim Justice. 2007;23(1):90-103. doi: 10.1177/1043986206298950.
This paper introduces two new conceptualizations of desistance based on individuals' personal assessments of their own movement away from crime. Drawing from qualitative accounts of changes in offending, we develop survey items indexing subjective desistance and reference group desistance. We then use a representative community sample of young adults to compare these new conceptualizations of desistance against more established measures derived from changes in arrest and self-reported crime. The results indicate that the prevalence and the predictors of desistance vary with these alternative conceptualizations. While relationship quality is consistently related to each desistance measure, the effects of prior crime, peer relationships, race, gender, and parental status depend upon the outcome under consideration. These results show both the generality of the desistance process and the utility of comparing subjective accounts of this process alongside official and self-reported behavioral measures.
本文基于个体对自身远离犯罪行为的个人评估，介绍了两种新的停止犯罪概念。借鉴关于犯罪变化的定性描述，我们开发了用以衡量主观停止犯罪和参照群体停止犯罪的调查项目。然后，我们使用一个具有代表性的年轻成年人社区样本，将这些新的停止犯罪概念与从逮捕变化和自我报告犯罪中得出的更成熟的衡量标准进行比较。结果表明，停止犯罪的发生率和预测因素会因这些不同的概念而有所不同。虽然关系质量与每种停止犯罪衡量标准都始终相关，但先前犯罪、同伴关系、种族、性别和父母状况的影响则取决于所考虑的结果。这些结果既显示了停止犯罪过程的普遍性，也表明了将这一过程的主观描述与官方及自我报告的行为衡量标准进行比较的效用。
