血压：体重指数和腰围对青少年的影响

Blood pressure: effect of body mass index and of waist circumference on adolescents.

作者信息

Guimarães Isabel Cristina Britto, de Almeida Alessandro Moura, Santos Adiméia Souza, Barbosa Daniel Batista Valente, Guimarães Armênio Costa

机构信息

Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA - Brasil.

出版信息

Arq Bras Cardiol. 2008 Jun;90(6):393-9. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2008000600007.

DOI:10.1590/s0066-782x2008000600007

PMID:18592092

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Increased body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) have been associated with blood pressure elevation.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effect of BMI and WC on blood pressure (BP) of adolescents.

METHODS

Cross-sectional analytical study including 536 adolescents from public and private schools. BMI was calculated and classified as high-normal (> or =50th p and < 85th p), overweight (> or =85th p and < 95th p), and obesity (> 95th p). WC was measured and considered increased if > 75th p. BP was considered elevated if > 90th p.

RESULTS

319 (59.5%) adolescents were girls, the mean age was 14.0+/- 1.99 years, high-normal weight was found in 39.6%, overweight in 37.1% and obesity in 23.3%. The percentage of high SBP and DBP followed the increase in BMI (p=0.000), reaching 46.4% among boys and 39.3% among obese girls for SBP and 42.0% and 44.6% for DBP, respectively. High SBP and DBP were 3.9 and 3.4 times more frequent among boys and 2.2 to 2.0 times more frequent among girls with WC > 75th p, respectively. Using simple linear regression analysis, each increment in BMI would increase SBP by 1.198 mmHg, and in WC by 0.622 mmHg. The PR for elevated SBP and DBP in relation to BMI > or =85th p was 3.9 (95% CI 2.0-7.4[p=0.000]) and 4.3(95% CI 2.2-8.5[p=0.000]), respectively; in relation to WC > 75th p was 1.8(95% CI 1.0 to 3.0 [p=0.036]) and 1.4 (95% CI 0.8 to 2.4). BP > 90th p with WC < or =75th p was found in 16/181 (8.8%) of the adolescents with high-normal weight.

CONCLUSION

BMI and WC values have a strong influence on BP values in adolescents.

摘要

背景

体重指数（BMI）和腰围（WC）升高与血压升高有关。

目的

评估BMI和WC对青少年血压（BP）的影响。

方法

横断面分析研究，纳入了来自公立和私立学校的536名青少年。计算BMI并将其分类为高正常（≥第50百分位数且＜第85百分位数）、超重（≥第85百分位数且＜第95百分位数）和肥胖（＞第95百分位数）。测量WC，如果＞第75百分位数则认为增加。如果BP＞第90百分位数则认为升高。

结果

319名（59.5%）青少年为女孩，平均年龄为14.0±1.99岁，高正常体重者占39.6%，超重者占37.1%，肥胖者占23.3%。收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）升高的百分比随BMI增加而增加（p = 0.000），SBP在男孩中达到46.4%，在肥胖女孩中达到39.3%；DBP分别为42.0%和44.6%。WC＞第75百分位数的男孩中，SBP和DBP升高的频率分别是3.9倍和3.4倍；女孩中分别是2.2倍至2.0倍。使用简单线性回归分析，BMI每增加一个单位，SBP将增加1.198 mmHg，WC将增加0.622 mmHg。与BMI≥第85百分位数相关的SBP和DBP升高的相对危险度（PR）分别为3.9（95%可信区间2.0 - 7.4[p = 0.000]）和4.3（95%可信区间(2.2 - 8.5[p = 0.000])；与WC＞第75百分位数相关的分别为1.8（95%可信区间1.0至3.0 [p = 0.036]）和1.4（95%可信区间0.8至2.4）。体重高正常且WC≤第75百分位数的青少年中，有16/181（8.8%）的BP＞第90百分位数。