Ko Jeff C H, Abbo Lisa A, Weil Ann B, Johnson Brenda M, Inoue Tomohito, Payton Mark E
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008 Jun 15;232(12):1834-40. doi: 10.2460/javma.232.12.1834.
OBJECTIVE-To compare the effect of oral administration of tramadol alone and with IV administration of butorphanol or hydromorphone on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in cats. DESIGN-Crossover study. ANIMALS-8 Healthy 3-year-old cats. PROCEDURES-Cats were anesthetized with sevoflurane in 100% oxygen. A standard tail clamp method was used to determine the MAC of sevoflurane following administration of tramadol (8.6 to 11.6 mg/kg [3.6 to 5.3 mg/lb], PO, 5 minutes before induction of anesthesia), butorphanol (0.4 mg/kg [0.18 mg/lb], IV, 30 minutes after induction), hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg [0.04 mg/lb], IV, 30 minutes after induction), saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (0.05 mL/kg [0.023 mL/lb], IV, 30 minutes after induction), or tramadol with butorphanol or with hydromorphone (same doses and routes of administration). Naloxone (0.02 mg/kg [0.009 mg/lb], IV) was used to reverse the effects of treatments, and MACs were redetermined. RESULTS-Mean +/- SEM MACs for sevoflurane after administration of tramadol (1.48 +/- 0.20%), butorphanol (1.20 +/- 0.16%), hydromorphone (1.76 +/- 0.15%), tramadol and butorphanol (1.48 +/- 0.20%), and tramadol and hydromorphone (1.85 +/- 0.20%) were significantly less than those after administration of saline solution (2.45 +/- 0.22%). Naloxone reversed the reductions in MACs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE-Administration of tramadol, butorphanol, or hydromorphone reduced the MAC of sevoflurane in cats, compared with that in cats treated with saline solution. The reductions detected were likely mediated by effects of the drugs on opioid receptors. An additional reduction in MAC was not detected when tramadol was administered with butorphanol or hydromorphone.
目的——比较单独口服曲马多以及静脉注射布托啡诺或氢吗啡酮对猫七氟烷最低肺泡浓度（MAC）的影响。设计——交叉研究。动物——8只健康的3岁猫。步骤——猫在100%氧气中用七氟烷麻醉。采用标准的尾夹法，在给予曲马多（8.6至11.6毫克/千克[3.6至5.3毫克/磅]，口服，麻醉诱导前5分钟）、布托啡诺（0.4毫克/千克[0.18毫克/磅]，静脉注射，诱导后30分钟）、氢吗啡酮（0.1毫克/千克[0.04毫克/磅]，静脉注射，诱导后30分钟）、生理盐水（0.9%氯化钠）溶液（0.05毫升/千克[0.023毫升/磅]，静脉注射，诱导后30分钟），或曲马多与布托啡诺或氢吗啡酮联合使用（相同剂量和给药途径）后，测定七氟烷的MAC。使用纳洛酮（0.02毫克/千克[0.009毫克/磅]，静脉注射）来逆转治疗效果，并重新测定MAC。结果——给予曲马多（1.48±0.20%）、布托啡诺（1.20±0.16%）、氢吗啡酮（1.76±0.15%）、曲马多与布托啡诺联合使用（1.48±0.20%）以及曲马多与氢吗啡酮联合使用（1.85±0.20%）后，七氟烷的平均±标准误MAC显著低于给予生理盐水溶液后（2.45±0.22%）。纳洛酮逆转了MAC的降低。结论及临床意义——与用生理盐水溶液治疗的猫相比，给予曲马多、布托啡诺或氢吗啡酮可降低猫七氟烷的MAC。检测到的降低可能是药物对阿片受体作用介导的。当曲马多与布托啡诺或氢吗啡酮联合使用时，未检测到MAC的额外降低。
