Gullick Margaret M, Juhasz Barbara J
Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2008 Aug;61(8):1177-85. doi: 10.1080/17470210802013391.
This experiment investigated the effects of age of acquisition (AoA) in memory for associated word pairs in a cued recall task. Participants studied a list of frequency-controlled early- and late-acquired words in semantically related pairs and then were asked to recall the second word of the pair when cued with the first. Reaction time effects were found, showing that a late-acquired cue for an early-acquired target word was responded to significantly faster than other combinations. Additionally, late-acquired target words resulted in significantly more accurate responses. As significant differences were found even when frequency was controlled, the effects must therefore stem from the manipulations ofAoA. Given this evidence, the implications for AoA's effects on the organization of semantic memory are explored.
本实验在线索回忆任务中研究了习得年龄（AoA）对相关单词对记忆的影响。参与者学习了一份由语义相关的单词对组成的列表，这些单词对中的单词根据出现频率进行了控制，分为早期习得和晚期习得的单词，然后要求他们在看到第一个单词时回忆出该单词对中的第二个单词。研究发现了反应时间效应，即早期习得的目标单词由晚期习得的线索提示时，反应速度明显快于其他组合。此外，晚期习得的目标单词产生的反应准确性明显更高。由于即使在控制了频率的情况下仍发现了显著差异，因此这些效应必定源于对习得年龄的操控。基于这一证据，本文探讨了习得年龄对语义记忆组织的影响。
