Arndt Jason, Jones Todd C
Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2008 Jul;36(5):899-912. doi: 10.3758/mc.36.5.899.
Four experiments were conducted in order to examine the influence of elaborative processing at encoding on recognition memory conjunction lure errors. In these experiments, participants generated cues for compound words as wholes (e.g., haywire) or as separate entities (e.g., hay, wire). Studied words were re-presented in exact form (old) or recombined to form conjunction lures on the recognition test. Participants were asked to make old-new judgments and to indicate whether they had rejected items judged to be new because of recall of a studied item or because of lack of familiarity with an item. The results suggested that recall-to-reject processing and conjunction lure familiarity increased with both types of generation, although generation of cues for compound words as a whole did not influence conjunction lure error rates. An emphasis on processing each constituent of a compound word during encoding increased the familiarity of those constituents more than generation of a compound word as a whole, resulting in an increase in conjunction lure errors. These results suggest that both familiarity and recollection-based monitoring processes influence conjunction lure errors, and therefore support dual-process theories of recognition memory.
为了检验编码时的精细加工对识别记忆中合取诱饵错误的影响，进行了四项实验。在这些实验中，参与者为复合词整体（如haywire）或作为单独的实体（如hay、wire）生成线索。学习过的单词在识别测试中以精确的形式重新呈现（旧词）或重新组合形成合取诱饵。要求参与者做出新旧判断，并指出他们是否因为回忆起一个学习过的项目或因为对一个项目不熟悉而拒绝判断为新的项目。结果表明，回忆-拒绝加工和合取诱饵熟悉度在两种生成类型中都有所增加，尽管将复合词作为一个整体生成线索并不会影响合取诱饵错误率。在编码过程中强调对复合词的每个组成部分进行加工，比对复合词整体进行生成更能增加这些组成部分的熟悉度，从而导致合取诱饵错误增加。这些结果表明，熟悉度和基于回忆的监测过程都会影响合取诱饵错误，因此支持识别记忆的双加工理论。
