Krause N, Jay G, Liang J
Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2029.
Psychol Aging. 1991 Jun;6(2):170-81. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.6.2.170.
Research in the United States indicates that stressful life events may create psychological distress among older adults by eroding their sense of personal control and by diminishing their feelings of self-worth. The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to replicate these findings with data provided by a recent nationwide survey of elderly people in the United States (N = 1,523) and (b) to compare these findings with results obtained from a nationwide survey of older adults in Japan (N = 1,517). The findings from both surveys are quite similar. The data indicate that financial strain tends to erode feelings of control and self-worth in both cultures, and the weakening of these personal resources in turn tends to increase depressive symptoms.
美国的研究表明，压力大的生活事件可能会削弱老年人的个人控制感并降低他们的自我价值感，从而在老年人中造成心理困扰。本研究的目的有两个：（a）利用美国近期一项全国性老年人调查（N = 1,523）提供的数据来复制这些发现；（b）将这些发现与日本一项全国性老年人调查（N = 1,517）的结果进行比较。两项调查的结果非常相似。数据表明，在两种文化中，经济压力往往会侵蚀控制感和自我价值感，而这些个人资源的削弱反过来又往往会增加抑郁症状。
