de Ridder Denise, Geenen Rinie, Kuijer Roeline, van Middendorp Henriët
Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands Research Institute for Psychology & Health, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Lancet. 2008 Jul 19;372(9634):246-55. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61078-8.
This Review discusses physiological, emotional, behavioural, and cognitive aspects of psychological adjustment to chronic illness. Reviewing the reports of the past decade, we identify four innovative and promising themes that are relevant for understanding and explaining psychological adjustment. In particular, the emphasis on the reasons why people fail to achieve a healthy adjustment has shifted to the identification of factors that help patients make that adjustment. To promote psychological adjustment, patients should remain as active as is reasonably possible, acknowledge and express their emotions in a way that allows them to take control of their lives, engage in self-management, and try to focus on potential positive outcomes of their illness. Patients who can use these strategies have the best chance of successfully adjusting to the challenges posed by a chronic illness.
本综述讨论了慢性病心理调适的生理、情绪、行为和认知方面。回顾过去十年的报告，我们确定了四个与理解和解释心理调适相关的创新且有前景的主题。特别是，对人们未能实现健康调适原因的关注已转向识别有助于患者实现调适的因素。为促进心理调适，患者应尽可能保持积极，以一种能让他们掌控自己生活的方式承认并表达自己的情绪，进行自我管理，并尝试关注疾病潜在的积极结果。能够运用这些策略的患者最有可能成功应对慢性病带来的挑战。
