Falcón Edgardo, McClung Colleen A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9070, USA.
Neuropharmacology. 2009;56 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):91-6. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.06.054. Epub 2008 Jul 3.
Diurnal and circadian rhythms are prominent in nearly all bodily functions. Chronic disruptions in normal sleep wake and social schedules can lead to serious health problems such as those seen in shift worker's syndrome. Moreover, genetic disruptions in normal circadian gene functions have recently been linked to a variety of psychiatric conditions including depression, bipolar disorder, seasonal affective disorder and alcoholism. Recent studies are beginning to determine how these circadian genes and rhythms are involved in the development of drug addiction. Several of these studies suggest an important role for these genes in limbic regions of the brain, outside of the central circadian pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). This review summarizes some of the basic research into the importance of circadian genes in drug addiction.
昼夜节律在几乎所有身体机能中都很显著。正常睡眠-清醒和社交时间表的长期紊乱会导致严重的健康问题，如轮班工作者综合征中出现的问题。此外，正常昼夜节律基因功能的遗传紊乱最近已与多种精神疾病相关联，包括抑郁症、双相情感障碍、季节性情感障碍和酗酒。最近的研究开始确定这些昼夜节律基因和节律如何参与药物成瘾的发展。其中一些研究表明，这些基因在大脑边缘区域发挥重要作用，而该区域位于视交叉上核（SCN）这个中枢昼夜节律起搏器之外。本综述总结了一些关于昼夜节律基因在药物成瘾中的重要性的基础研究。
