超重力对寿命和衰老的兴奋效应。
The hormetic effects of hypergravity on longevity and aging.
机构信息
Dickson Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3-5, Vienna, Austria.
出版信息
Dose Response. 2006 Aug 19;4(2):145-54. doi: 10.2203/dose-response.05-008.Minois.
This paper reviews the literature on the effects of hypergravity (HG, gravity levels higher than 1g, the terrestrial gravity) on longevity and aging. The different studies showed that life-long exposures to high gravity levels decreased longevity and accelerated the age-related decline observed on some physiological and behavioral variables. In contrast, chronic exposure to HG increased resistance to heat in young and middle-aged Drosophila melanogaster. A short exposure to HG at the beginning of adult life increased male longevity and delayed behavioral aging in D. melanogaster. All these results show that HG acts as a hormetic factor. Long exposures to HG have deleterious effects on longevity and aging, whereas short exposures have beneficial effects. Some potential mechanisms of action of the beneficial effects of HG are also reviewed here. However, the ones tested so far (heat shock proteins and antioxidant defense) have proven unable to explain the hormetic effects of HG and their mechanisms of action are still unknown.
这篇论文综述了超重（HG，重力水平高于 1g，即地球重力）对寿命和衰老的影响。不同的研究表明，终生暴露于高重力水平会降低寿命并加速某些生理和行为变量的与年龄相关的下降。相比之下，慢性暴露于 HG 会增加年轻和中年黑腹果蝇对热的抵抗力。在成年早期短暂暴露于 HG 会增加雄性寿命并延缓黑腹果蝇的行为衰老。所有这些结果表明，HG 是一种胁迫因子。长期暴露于 HG 对寿命和衰老有有害影响，而短期暴露则有有益影响。这里还回顾了 HG 有益作用的一些潜在作用机制。然而，迄今为止测试的机制（热休克蛋白和抗氧化防御）已被证明无法解释 HG 的胁迫效应，其作用机制仍不清楚。
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