Kreuter Matthew W, Buskirk Trent D, Holmes Kathleen, Clark Eddie M, Robinson Lou, Si Xuemei, Rath Suchita, Erwin Deborah, Philipneri Anne, Cohen Elisia, Mathews Katherine
Health Communication Research Laboratory and Center for Cultural Cancer Communication, School of Public Health, Saint Louis University, 3545 Lafayette Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
J Cancer Surviv. 2008 Mar;2(1):33-44. doi: 10.1007/s11764-007-0041-y. Epub 2008 Feb 7.
Cancer survivors play a vital role in cancer control as messengers of hope and information, and advocates for prevention and screening. Understanding what makes survivor stories effective can enhance survivor-delivered programs and interventions.
By random assignment and using a cross-classified design, 200 African American women viewed videotaped stories (n = 300) from 36 African American breast cancer survivors. Analyses examined effects of story attributes (narrative quality, health message strength), participant characteristics (ways of knowing, experience with breast cancer) and identification with the survivor on women's: (1) level of engagement in the story; (2) positive thoughts about the story; and, (3) remembering key messages about breast cancer and mammography in the story.
Participant characteristics were significant predictors of all three study outcomes, accounting for 27.8, 2.6 and 22.2% of their total variance, respectively. In comparison, the variability in these outcomes that could be attributed to differences in the stories was small (0.6, 1.1 and 2%, respectively). The effects of participant characteristics on level of engagement and positive thoughts were mediated by identification with the survivor.
The best predictor of a woman becoming engaged in a breast cancer survivor's story and having positive thoughts about the story was whether she liked the survivor and viewed her as similar to herself (i.e., identification).
Survivor stories may be most effective when audience members identify with the survivor. Finding key characteristics that can reliably match the two will advance cancer communication science and practice.
癌症幸存者作为希望和信息的传递者，以及预防和筛查的倡导者，在癌症控制中发挥着至关重要的作用。了解使幸存者故事有效的因素可以加强由幸存者提供的项目和干预措施。
通过随机分配并采用交叉分类设计，200名非裔美国女性观看了36名非裔美国乳腺癌幸存者的录像故事（n = 300）。分析考察了故事属性（叙事质量、健康信息强度）、参与者特征（认知方式、乳腺癌经历）以及与幸存者的认同感对女性的以下影响：（1）对故事的参与程度；（2）对故事的积极想法；以及（3）记住故事中关于乳腺癌和乳房X光检查的关键信息。
参与者特征是所有三项研究结果的重要预测因素，分别占其总方差的27.8%、2.6%和22.2%。相比之下，可归因于故事差异的这些结果的变异性较小（分别为0.6%、1.1%和2%）。参与者特征对参与程度和积极想法的影响通过与幸存者的认同感来介导。
女性对乳腺癌幸存者故事产生参与感并对该故事有积极想法的最佳预测因素是她是否喜欢这位幸存者并认为她与自己相似（即认同感）。
当听众与幸存者产生认同时，幸存者故事可能最有效。找到能够可靠地使两者匹配的关键特征将推动癌症传播科学与实践的发展。
