Marín S, Martín A, Barro F
Departamento de Mejora Genética Vegetal, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (CSIC), Apdo. 4084, 14080 Cordoba, Spain.
Genome. 2008 Aug;51(8):580-8. doi: 10.1139/G08-044.
Hordeum chilense Roem. et Schult. (2n = 14) is an autogamous wild barley from Chile and Argentina included in the section Anisolepis Nevski. This species shows interesting agronomic traits that can be incorporated into crop plant species. Hordeum chilense has been successfully crossed with species of the genus Aegilops. Among the amphiploids obtained, the hexaploid tritordeum (2n = 6x = 42, AABBHchHch) is outstanding and shows good agronomic characteristics, suggesting its potential either as a new crop or as a bridge species to introgress interesting traits into cultivated cereals. The aim of the present work was to study the hybridization patterns of the two repetitive DNA probes pAs1 and pSc119.2 to evaluate their utility for the identification of H. chilense chromosomes. Fourteen lines of H. chilense were analyzed with fluorescent in situ hybridization using probes pSc119.2 and pAs1. The probe pAs1 was more widely dispersed than pSc119.2 over the H. chilense (Hch) genome. We found 89 different signals for pAs1, distributed evenly over the whole genome, and 10 for pSc119.2, located mainly over the telomeric regions. Five distinct hybridization signals were found for pAs1 and four distinct signals for pSc119.2. These signals allow the identification of different H. chilense lines. For example, centromeric signals for pAs1 on the short arms of chromosomes 1 and 7 identify line H46, and a telomeric signal for pSc119.2 on the short arm of chromosome 2 identifies line H1. A high degree of polymorphism in the hybridization patterns was found, confirming the extensive variability present in H. chilense. This work provides tools for the identification of H. chilense chromosomes in different genetic backgrounds.
智利大麦（Hordeum chilense Roem. et Schult.，2n = 14）是一种自花授粉的野生大麦，原产于智利和阿根廷，属于异颖大麦组（Anisolepis Nevski）。该物种具有一些有趣的农艺性状，可用于改良栽培作物品种。智利大麦已成功与山羊草属（Aegilops）的物种杂交。在获得的双二倍体中，六倍体三粒小麦（2n = 6x = 42，AABBHchHch）表现突出，具有良好的农艺特性，这表明它有可能成为一种新作物，或者作为一个桥梁物种，将有趣的性状导入栽培谷物中。本研究的目的是研究两种重复DNA探针pAs1和pSc119.2的杂交模式，以评估它们在鉴定智利大麦染色体方面的实用性。使用探针pSc119.2和pAs1对14个智利大麦品系进行了荧光原位杂交分析。探针pAs1在智利大麦（Hch）基因组上的分布比pSc119.2更广泛。我们发现pAs1有89个不同的信号，均匀分布在整个基因组中，而pSc119.2有10个信号，主要位于端粒区域。pAs1有5个不同的杂交信号，pSc119.2有4个不同的信号。这些信号可用于鉴定不同的智利大麦品系。例如，染色体1和7短臂上pAs1的着丝粒信号可鉴定H46品系，染色体2短臂上pSc119.2的端粒信号可鉴定H1品系。杂交模式中发现了高度的多态性，证实了智利大麦存在广泛的变异性。这项工作为鉴定不同遗传背景下的智利大麦染色体提供了工具。
