John Innes Centre, Crop Genetics Department, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom.
Genome. 2018 Jun;61(6):387-396. doi: 10.1139/gen-2018-0016. Epub 2018 Mar 15.
Karyotypes of three accessions of Hordeum chilense (H1, H16, and H7), Hordeum vulgare, and Triticum aestivum were characterized by physical mapping of several repetitive sequences. A total of 14 repetitive sequences were used as probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the aim of identifying inter- and intraspecies polymorphisms. The (AG) and 4P6 probes only produced hybridization signals in wheat, the BAC7 probe only hybridized to the centromeric region of H. vulgare, and the pSc119.2 probe hybridized to both wheat and H. chilense, but not to H. vulgare. The remaining repetitive sequences used in this study produced a hybridization signal in all the genotypes. Probes pAs1, pTa-535, pTa71, CCS1, and CRW were much conserved, showing no significant polymorphism among the genotypes studied. Probes GAA, (AAC), (CTA), HvT01, and pTa794 produced the most different hybridization pattern. We identified large polymorphisms in the three accessions of H. chilense studied, supporting the proposal of the existence of different groups inside species of H. chilense. The set of probes described in this work allowed the identification of every single chromosome in all three species, providing a complete cytogenetic karyotype of H. chilense, H. vulgare, and T. aestivum chromosomes, which could be useful in wheat and tritordeum breeding programs.
利用几种重复序列的物理作图，对三个长穗披碱草（H1、H16 和 H7）、普通小麦和春小麦的基因组进行了研究。共使用了 14 个重复序列作为荧光原位杂交（FISH）的探针，旨在鉴定种间和种内多态性。（AG）和 4P6 探针仅在小麦中产生杂交信号，BAC7 探针仅与普通小麦的着丝粒区杂交，pSc119.2 探针与小麦和长穗披碱草都杂交，但与普通小麦不杂交。本研究中使用的其余重复序列在所有基因型中都产生了杂交信号。探针 pAs1、pTa-535、pTa71、CCS1 和 CRW 非常保守，在所研究的基因型中没有明显的多态性。探针 GAA、（AAC）、（CTA）、HvT01 和 pTa794 产生了最不同的杂交模式。我们在研究的三个长穗披碱草品系中鉴定到了大量的多态性，支持了长穗披碱草种内存在不同群体的观点。本工作中描述的探针集可用于鉴定所有三种物种中的每一条染色体，为长穗披碱草、普通小麦和春小麦染色体提供了完整的细胞遗传学核型，这可能对小麦和tritordeum 育种计划有用。
