Pilarski F, Rossini A J, Ceccarelli P S
Centro de Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
Braz J Biol. 2008 May;68(2):409-14. doi: 10.1590/s1519-69842008000200025.
Flavobacterium columnare is the causative agent of columnaris disease in freshwater fish, implicated in skin and gill disease, often causing high mortality. The aim of this study was the isolation and characterization of Flavobacterium columnare in tropical fish in Brazil. Piracanjuba (Brycon orbignyanus), pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and cascudo (Hypostomus plecostomus) were examined for external lesions showing signs of colunmaris disease such as greyish white spots, especially on the head, dorsal part and caudal fin of the fish. The sampling comprised 50 samples representing four different fish species selected for study. Samples for culture were obtained by skin and kidney scrapes with a sterile cotton swabs of columnaris disease fish and streaked onto Carlson and Pacha (1968) artificial culture medium (broth and solid) which were used for isolation. The strains in the liquid medium were Gram negative, long, filamentous, exhibited flexing movements (gliding motility), contained a large number of long slender bacteria and gathered into columns'. Strains on the agar produced yellow-pale colonies, rather small, flat that had rhizoid edges. A total of four Flavobacterium columnare were isolated: 01 Brycon orbignyanus strain, 01 Piaractus mesopotamicus strain, 01 Colossoma macropomum strain, and 01 Hypostomus plecostomus strain. Biochemical characterization, with its absorption of Congo red dye, production of flexirubin-type pigments, H2S production and reduction of nitrates proved that the isolate could be classified as Flavobacterium columnare.
柱状黄杆菌是淡水鱼柱状病的病原体，与皮肤和鳃疾病有关，常导致高死亡率。本研究的目的是分离和鉴定巴西热带鱼中的柱状黄杆菌。对皮拉坎朱巴鱼（布氏魮脂鲤）、淡水白鲳（美索不达米亚脂鲤）、油鲇（巨脂鲤）和清道夫鱼（下口鲶）进行检查，查看其外部损伤是否有柱状病迹象，如灰白色斑点，尤其是在鱼的头部、背部和尾鳍上。采样包括代表四种不同研究鱼类的50个样本。用于培养的样本通过用无菌棉签刮取患柱状病鱼的皮肤和肾脏获得，并划线接种到卡尔森和帕查（1968年）人工培养基（肉汤和固体）上用于分离。液体培养基中的菌株革兰氏阴性，长丝状，表现出弯曲运动（滑行运动），含有大量细长细菌并聚集成“柱状”。琼脂上的菌株产生淡黄色菌落，相当小，扁平，边缘呈根状。共分离出四株柱状黄杆菌：01布氏魮脂鲤菌株、01美索不达米亚脂鲤菌株、01巨脂鲤菌株和01下口鲶菌株。通过刚果红染料吸收、产类弹性蛋白色素、产硫化氢和硝酸盐还原的生化特性证明，分离出的菌株可归类为柱状黄杆菌。
