Li Huixian, Jiang Hui, Gao Xiwu, Wang Xiaojun, Qu Weigang, Lin Ronghua, Chen Jiao
College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, P.R. China.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2008 Sep;34(3):209-16. doi: 10.1007/s10695-007-9178-x. Epub 2007 Aug 27.
In this study, the acute toxicity of the pesticide methomyl on the topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva) was evaluated using mortality and the activity of the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) as endpoints. LC50 values were 1.228, 0.782, 0.538, and 0.425 mg/l at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of exposure, respectively. Methomyl caused a sharp decrease in specific activity of brain AChE around 48% at concentrations between 0.043 and 0.213 mg/l. A reduction higher than 40% in liver GST activity at concentrations between 0.085 and 0.213 mg/l was found, whereas no significant effects were observed in intestinal GST. A significant concentration-dependent decrease of GOT activity was found after 24 h of exposure to the pesticide but not after 96 h. No significant effects on GPT activity were observed. These results indicate that at the concentrations tested, methomyl is acutely toxic to the species P. parva, causing mortality, neurotoxic effects, and changes in some hepatic enzymes.
在本研究中，以死亡率以及乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GSTs）、谷草转氨酶（GOT）和谷丙转氨酶（GPT）的活性为指标，评估了杀虫剂灭多威对麦穗鱼（Pseudorasbora parva）的急性毒性。暴露24、48、72和96小时时的半数致死浓度（LC50）值分别为1.228、0.782、0.538和0.425毫克/升。在浓度为0.043至0.213毫克/升之间时，灭多威使脑AChE的比活性急剧下降约48%。在浓度为0.（此处原文有误，应为0.085）至0.213毫克/升之间时，肝脏GST活性降低超过40%，而肠道GST未观察到显著影响。暴露于该杀虫剂24小时后，GOT活性出现显著的浓度依赖性下降，但96小时后未出现。未观察到对GPT活性的显著影响。这些结果表明，在所测试的浓度下，灭多威对麦穗鱼具有急性毒性，会导致死亡、神经毒性作用以及一些肝脏酶的变化。
