Thiel A, Gomolinsky U, Huy C
Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2009 Apr;42(2):145-54. doi: 10.1007/s00391-008-0556-5. Epub 2008 Aug 4.
Stereotypes of ageing affect activity in older adults. However, no representative studies on the impact of "images of ageing" on sporting activity existed until now. In a telephone survey, 2002 over-50s were asked about sporting activity and their opinions about ageing. A factor analysis of the queried attitudes disclosed five dimensions of ageing stereotypes. A subsequent cluster analysis identified three categories of attitudes towards ageing: "fit and performance-hungry", "conventional", and "easy-going and committed". Physical activity was described as the key criterion for a healthy old age in all clusters. Analysis also revealed a significant correlation between cluster affiliation and amount of sporting activity. The percentage of non-exercisers is lowest in Cluster 1, the "fit and performance-hungry" category (29.4%), and highest in Cluster 3, the "worryfree committed" (51.6%). Sports for health and trendy sports are the sports of choice, while conventional sports attract little interest.
对衰老的刻板印象会影响老年人的活动。然而,到目前为止,尚无关于“衰老形象”对体育活动影响的代表性研究。在一项电话调查中,询问了2002名50岁以上的人关于体育活动以及他们对衰老的看法。对所询问态度的因素分析揭示了衰老刻板印象的五个维度。随后的聚类分析确定了三类对衰老的态度:“健康且追求表现型”、“传统型”和“随和且投入型”。在所有类别中,体育活动都被描述为健康老年的关键标准。分析还揭示了类别归属与体育活动量之间存在显著相关性。不运动者的比例在第1类“健康且追求表现型”中最低(29.4%),在第3类“无忧无虑且投入型”中最高(51.6%)。健康运动和时尚运动是首选运动,而传统运动则很少有人感兴趣。