Klusmann Verena, Notthoff Nanna, Beyer Ann-Kristin, Blawert Anne, Gabrian Martina
Department of Psychology, Psychological Assessment & Health Psychology, University of Konstanz, Box 47, 78457 Constance, Germany.
Department of Psychology and Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Eur J Ageing. 2020 Feb 24;17(4):403-433. doi: 10.1007/s10433-020-00556-9. eCollection 2020 Dec.
This is a review of existing self-report measures for assessing views on ageing. It provides an overview of instruments, for which basic psychometric properties are available and describes them according to the purposes for which they are suitable. Literature search resulted in the inclusion of 89 instruments which were categorised along eight dimensions. The majority of measures focus on explicit cognitions about people's own age and ageing or other (older) people. A substantial amount of tools account for the multidimensionality and multidirectionality of views on ageing, i.e. the idea that ageing is accompanied by both gains and losses in several different domains. To some extent, measures reflect that ageing is a long-term process and that views on ageing are malleable, rather than just stable traits. Cluster analysis revealed heterogeneity in instruments regarding the dimensions of , , and It becomes apparent, however, that approaches to measure views on ageing should be extended to more specifically target the implicit level as well as affective, physiological, and behavioural manifestations. Additionally, means for capturing views on ageing on the societal level and tools with a distinct time reference are needed. This is particularly important when one wants to account for the lifelong dynamics of views on ageing.
这是一篇关于评估对衰老看法的现有自我报告测量方法的综述。它概述了具备基本心理测量特性的工具，并根据其适用目的对它们进行了描述。文献检索纳入了89种工具，这些工具按照八个维度进行了分类。大多数测量方法关注人们对自身年龄和衰老或其他（年长）人的明确认知。大量工具考虑到了对衰老看法的多维度性和多方向性，即衰老在几个不同领域既伴随着收获也伴随着损失的观点。在某种程度上，测量方法反映出衰老乃长期过程，且对衰老的看法具有可塑性，而非仅仅是稳定的特质。聚类分析揭示了工具在关于……、……和……维度方面的异质性。然而，显而易见的是，测量对衰老看法的方法应扩展到更具体地针对隐性层面以及情感、生理和行为表现。此外，需要在社会层面捕捉对衰老看法的方法以及具有明确时间参照的工具。当想要考虑对衰老看法的终身动态变化时，这一点尤为重要。
