Van Gucht Dinska, Vansteenwegen Debora, Van den Bergh Omer, Beckers Tom
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Behav Res Ther. 2008 Oct;46(10):1160-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2008.05.010. Epub 2008 Jun 27.
In two experiments, we used a Pavlovian differential conditioning procedure to induce craving for chocolate. As a result of repeated pairing with chocolate intake, initially neutral cues came to elicit an automatic approach tendency in a speeded stimulus-response compatibility reaction time task. This automatic approach tendency, moreover, seemed to be sensitive to manipulations of extinction and renewal in the Pavlovian conditioning procedure. These findings corroborate and extend previous reports of automatic approach tendencies elicited by substance-relevant cues in addiction, while controlling for alternative accounts for such observations. Moreover, our data lend support to and extend learning models of cue-induced craving and addiction. Finally, we argue that the procedure we present here provides an ecologically valid behavioural tool that allows studying processes involved in cue-induced craving, addiction and relapse without relying on verbal report.
在两项实验中，我们采用巴甫洛夫式差异条件作用程序来诱发对巧克力的渴望。由于与摄入巧克力的反复配对，最初的中性线索在快速刺激 - 反应兼容性反应时任务中开始引发自动趋近倾向。此外，这种自动趋近倾向似乎对巴甫洛夫条件作用程序中的消退和恢复操作敏感。这些发现证实并扩展了先前关于成瘾中与物质相关线索引发自动趋近倾向的报道，同时排除了对此类观察结果的其他解释。此外，我们的数据支持并扩展了线索诱发渴望和成瘾的学习模型。最后，我们认为我们在此提出的程序提供了一种生态有效的行为工具，可用于研究线索诱发渴望、成瘾和复发所涉及的过程，而无需依赖言语报告。
