Beernaert L A, Baert K, Marin P, Chiers K, De Backer P, Pasmans F, Martel A
The Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Med Mycol. 2009 May;47(3):276-85. doi: 10.1080/13693780802262115. Epub 2008 Aug 4.
Aspergillosis is a major cause of mortality in captive birds and its prognosis is often poor due to treatment failure. Voriconazole is a novel triazole antifungal agent that may be useful for the treatment of this infection in birds as it has shown promise in other animal models of the disease. We examined the pharmacokinetic behaviour of voriconazole in racing pigeons (Columbia livia forma domestica). Intravenous, oral and aerosol administration were investigated in single (10 mg/kg BW PO; 10, 5, 2.5 mg/kg BW IV), multiple dose (10, 20 mg/kg BW PO q12h, q24h) and nebulization (15 min, 10 mg/ml NaCl 0.9%) experiments. Quantitative measurements of voriconazole in plasma, as well as in lung tissue, collected at several time points, were done with a validated high performance liquid chromatography method using ultraviolet detection. Designing a treatment schedule with voriconazole is complicated by dose-dependent pharmacokinetics and induction of its biotransformation. Moreover, hepatic changes were seen in the oral multiple dose regimen at 10 and 20 mg/kg BW twice a day. Taking all features into account our study suggests that the oral dosage schedules of 10 mg/kg BW twice a day or 20 mg/kg BW once a day could be most appropriate in treating pigeons with aspergillosis.
曲霉病是圈养鸟类死亡的主要原因，由于治疗失败，其预后通常很差。伏立康唑是一种新型三唑类抗真菌药物，在该疾病的其他动物模型中已显示出前景，可能对鸟类这种感染的治疗有用。我们研究了伏立康唑在赛鸽（家鸽）体内的药代动力学行为。在单次给药（口服10 mg/kg体重；静脉注射10、5、2.5 mg/kg体重）、多次给药（口服10、20 mg/kg体重，每12小时、24小时一次）和气溶胶给药（15分钟，10 mg/ml 0.9%氯化钠）实验中进行了研究。使用经过验证的高效液相色谱法结合紫外检测，对在多个时间点采集的血浆以及肺组织中的伏立康唑进行定量测定。伏立康唑的药代动力学具有剂量依赖性且会诱导其生物转化，这使得设计治疗方案变得复杂。此外，在口服多次给药方案中，每天两次给予10和20 mg/kg体重时观察到了肝脏变化。综合所有因素，我们的研究表明，每天两次给予10 mg/kg体重或每天一次给予20 mg/kg体重的口服给药方案可能最适合治疗患有曲霉病的鸽子。
