Unité de formation et de recherche en sciences et techniques des activités physiques et sportives, Laboratoire des Sciences du Sport, Place Saint-Jacques, Besançon cedex, France.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2009 Oct;19(5):687-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00807.x. Epub 2008 Aug 5.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding a high-intensity intermittent session twice a week during a 7-week karate training (KT) on markers of aerobic and anaerobic metabolisms in elite class karate athletes. Two groups were studied: a KT group (n=8, age 20.1+/-0.9 years, 70.0+/-8.8 kg) that followed traditional KT, and a group that followed combined traditional karate and a high-intensity intermittent training (HIT group, n=9, age 24.4+/-3.1 years, 67.0+/-7.8 kg). The subjects undertook a supramaximal exercise and a maximal oxygen uptake test before and after the training. Blood lactate, pH and plasma ammonia were determined at rest, immediately at the end of the supramaximal exercise and during the recovery period at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 15 min. After the training period, no changes occurred in the KT group. However, in the HIT group, the time to exhaustion, MAOD and in the maximal oxygen uptake test were significantly improved by 23.6%, 10.3% and 4.6%, respectively. A clear-cut discrepancy was observed in the time course of lactate and pH in the supramaximal test after the training in the HIT group. We observed a significantly higher peak for lactate and a lower extreme value for pH with a shorter delay of appearance. At the end of the test, the lactate concentration increased significantly (+53.7%) and pH declined significantly, when compared with the values obtained after the same test before the training period. Ammonia was not influenced. The addition of high-intensity intermittent sessions twice per week during the period of KT induced beneficial physiological adaptations in athletes, allowing improvement in the duration of intense physical exercise before a state of fatigue is reached.
本研究旨在探讨在 7 周空手道训练（KT）期间每周增加两次高强度间歇训练（HIT）对精英空手道运动员有氧和无氧代谢标志物的影响。研究了两组：一组是进行传统 KT 的 KT 组（n=8，年龄 20.1+/-0.9 岁，70.0+/-8.8kg），另一组是进行传统空手道和高强度间歇训练相结合的 HIT 组（n=9，年龄 24.4+/-3.1 岁，67.0+/-7.8kg）。受试者在训练前后进行了最大强度运动和最大摄氧量测试。在休息时、最大强度运动结束时以及恢复期间的 2、4、6、8、10 和 15 分钟时测定血乳酸、pH 值和血浆氨。在 KT 组中，训练后没有发生变化。然而，在 HIT 组中，力竭时间、MAOD 和最大摄氧量测试分别显著提高了 23.6%、10.3%和 4.6%。在 HIT 组中，在训练后的最大强度测试中，乳酸和 pH 值的时间过程中观察到明显的差异。我们观察到乳酸的峰值明显升高，pH 值的极值明显降低，并且出现的延迟更短。在测试结束时，与训练前同一测试获得的值相比，乳酸浓度显著增加（+53.7%），pH 值显著下降。氨不受影响。在 KT 期间每周增加两次高强度间歇训练可诱导运动员产生有益的生理适应，使在疲劳状态出现之前高强度体力活动的持续时间得到改善。
