Smith Bruce W, Dalen Jeanne, Wiggins Kathryn, Tooley Erin, Christopher Paulette, Bernard Jennifer
Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-1161, USA.
Int J Behav Med. 2008;15(3):194-200. doi: 10.1080/10705500802222972.
While resilience has been defined as resistance to illness, adaptation, and thriving, the ability to bounce back or recover from stress is closest to its original meaning. Previous resilience measures assess resources that may promote resilience rather than recovery, resistance, adaptation, or thriving.
To test a new brief resilience scale.
The brief resilience scale (BRS) was created to assess the ability to bounce back or recover from stress. Its psychometric characteristics were examined in four samples, including two student samples and samples with cardiac and chronic pain patients.
The BRS was reliable and measured as a unitary construct. It was predictably related to personal characteristics, social relations, coping, and health in all samples. It was negatively related to anxiety, depression, negative affect, and physical symptoms when other resilience measures and optimism, social support, and Type D personality (high negative affect and high social inhibition) were controlled. There were large differences in BRS scores between cardiac patients with and without Type D and women with and without fibromyalgia.
The BRS is a reliable means of assessing resilience as the ability to bounce back or recover from stress and may provide unique and important information about people coping with health-related stressors.
虽然心理韧性被定义为对疾病的抵抗力、适应能力和茁壮成长的能力，但从压力中恢复或反弹的能力最接近其原始含义。以往的心理韧性测量方法评估的是可能促进心理韧性而非恢复、抵抗、适应或茁壮成长的资源。
测试一种新的简易心理韧性量表。
创建简易心理韧性量表（BRS）以评估从压力中恢复或反弹的能力。在四个样本中检验了其心理测量学特征，包括两个学生样本以及患有心脏病和慢性疼痛的患者样本。
BRS可靠且作为一个单一结构进行测量。在所有样本中，它与个人特征、社会关系、应对方式和健康状况有可预测的关联。在控制了其他心理韧性测量方法以及乐观主义、社会支持和D型人格（高消极情绪和高社交抑制）时，它与焦虑、抑郁、消极情绪和身体症状呈负相关。患有和未患有D型人格的心脏病患者以及患有和未患有纤维肌痛的女性在BRS得分上存在很大差异。
BRS是评估心理韧性的一种可靠方法，即从压力中恢复或反弹的能力，并且可能为应对与健康相关压力源的人们提供独特而重要的信息。
