Samaila M O A
Department of Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Shika-Zaria, Nigeria.
Ann Afr Med. 2008 Mar;7(1):6-10. doi: 10.4103/1596-3519.55691.
Adnexal skin tumors share many features in common and differentiate along one line. Their detailed morphological classification is difficult because of the variety of tissue elements and patterns seen. They may be clinically confused with other cutaneous tumors. The aim of this report is to review and classify all adnexal tumors seen in a pathology department over a 16-year period.
A 16-year retrospective analysis of all adnexal skin tumors seen in a large University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria from January 1991- December 2006. All tissue specimens were fixed in 10% formalin, processed in paraffin wax and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. Histology slides were retrieved, studied and lesions characterized.
Fifty-two adnexal tumors were seen, accounting for 0.9% of all cutaneous tumors seen within the same period. The median age was 33 years (range: 4 days-70 years). Clinical presentations varied from discreet swellings and nodules to ulcerated masses. Five patients presented with recurrent lesions. Only two cases had a clinical diagnosis of adnexal tumor. Twenty-four (46%) of the lesions were distributed in the head and neck region. Duration of symptoms was 2 months to 15 years (median: 12 months). Tumours of the sweat gland were the commonest--41 (78.8%); they comprised predominantly eccrine acrospiroma (17), characterized histologically by solid nests of round to polygonal cells with clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm, forming tubules in areas. Tumours of sebaceous gland were 7 (13.5%); they comprised mainly Nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn (6), composed of immature sebaceous glands and pilar structures microscopically and a solitary sebaceous adenoma. Tumours of hair follicle were 4 (7.7%) and included trichoepithelioma, characterized microscopically by multiple horn cysts and epithelial tracts connecting abortive pilar structures and a trichofolliculoma. Forty-six lesions (88.5%) were benign and six (11.5%) malignant.
Adnexal skin tumors have distinct histological patterns which differentiates them from other cutaneous tumors. They are commonly distributed in the head, neck and trunk. The commonest variants are those of eccrine sweat gland origin. Malignant adnexal tumors are uncommon in our setting.
附属器皮肤肿瘤具有许多共同特征，并沿一条线分化。由于可见多种组织成分和模式，其详细的形态学分类较为困难。它们在临床上可能与其他皮肤肿瘤混淆。本报告的目的是回顾并分类在病理科16年期间所见的所有附属器肿瘤。
对1991年1月至2006年12月在尼日利亚一家大型大学教学医院所见的所有附属器皮肤肿瘤进行16年的回顾性分析。所有组织标本均固定于10%福尔马林中，经石蜡处理，并用苏木精和伊红染色。检索组织学切片，进行研究并对病变进行特征描述。
共发现52例附属器肿瘤，占同期所见所有皮肤肿瘤的0.9%。中位年龄为33岁（范围：4天至70岁）。临床表现多样，从离散的肿胀和结节到溃疡肿块不等。5例患者出现复发性病变。只有2例临床诊断为附属器肿瘤。24例（46%）病变分布于头颈部区域。症状持续时间为2个月至15年（中位：12个月）。汗腺肿瘤最为常见——41例（78.8%）；主要包括小汗腺末端汗腺瘤（17例），组织学特征为圆形至多边形细胞的实性巢，细胞质透明至嗜酸性，局部形成小管。皮脂腺肿瘤7例（13.5%）；主要包括 Jadassohn皮脂腺痣（6例），显微镜下由未成熟皮脂腺和毛囊结构组成，以及1例孤立性皮脂腺腺瘤。毛囊肿瘤4例（7.7%），包括毛发上皮瘤，显微镜下特征为多个角囊肿和连接发育不全毛囊结构的上皮条索，以及毛囊瘤。46例病变（88.5%）为良性，6例（11.5%）为恶性。
附属器皮肤肿瘤具有独特的组织学模式，使其与其他皮肤肿瘤相区别。它们通常分布于头、颈和躯干。最常见的类型是小汗腺起源的肿瘤。在我们的研究中，恶性附属器肿瘤并不常见。
