Chattopadhyay K, Chattopadhyay B D
Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2008 Jun;127(6):571-6.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Nicotine intake through tobacco is very common in female population of lower socioeconomic level who are deprived of healthy diet. Women suffer consequences of smoking such as cardiovascular disorder, lung related diseases and oxidative stress, etc. No data are available of the influences of nicotine on lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes levels under restricted dietary protein intake. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of nicotine on such parameters of female rats fed with protein restricted diet (5% casein) as compared to those with normal protein diet (18% casein) with or without vitamin C or E supplementation.
Subcutaneous injections of nicotine tartrate (3.5 mg/kg body weights per day for 15 days) were given to the rats and subsequent measurements of plasma lipid profile, plasma and ovary lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes were done.
The results showed significant (P<0.01) increase of total cholesterol (TC) and more significant (P<0.001) increase of triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of plasma under both dietary conditions. The increase of plasma very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) was highly significant under protein-restricted diet. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) decreased significantly in both dietary conditions. Lipid peroxidation in plasma increased significantly in protein-restricted condition. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the ovary tissue decreased significantly (P<0.001) by nicotine treatment in both dietary groups.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that nicotine-induced toxicity is more in lipid profile (plasma) and lipid peroxidation (plasma and ovary tissue) under protein-restricted diet as compared to that of the normal protein diet. The antioxidant vitamins antagonized the nicotineinduced effects less effectively on the observed parameters under restricted dietary protein.
在社会经济水平较低且缺乏健康饮食的女性群体中，通过烟草摄入尼古丁的情况非常普遍。女性会遭受吸烟带来的后果，如心血管疾病、肺部相关疾病和氧化应激等。目前尚无关于在饮食蛋白质摄入受限的情况下尼古丁对血脂谱、脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶水平影响的数据。本研究旨在探讨与正常蛋白质饮食（18%酪蛋白）的雌性大鼠相比，在补充或不补充维生素C或E的情况下，尼古丁对蛋白质限制饮食（5%酪蛋白）的雌性大鼠这些参数的影响。
给大鼠皮下注射酒石酸尼古丁（每天3.5毫克/千克体重，共15天），随后测定血浆血脂谱、血浆和卵巢脂质过氧化以及抗氧化酶。
结果显示，在两种饮食条件下，血浆总胆固醇（TC）均显著升高（P<0.01），甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）升高更为显著（P<0.001）。在蛋白质限制饮食下，血浆极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C）升高极为显著。在两种饮食条件下，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）均显著降低。在蛋白质限制条件下，血浆脂质过氧化显著增加。在两个饮食组中，尼古丁处理均使卵巢组织中的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著降低（P<0.001）。
我们的研究结果表明，与正常蛋白质饮食相比，在蛋白质限制饮食下，尼古丁诱导的毒性在血脂谱（血浆）和脂质过氧化（血浆和卵巢组织）方面更为明显。在饮食蛋白质受限的情况下，抗氧化维生素对尼古丁诱导的影响的拮抗作用效果较差。
