Galletly Cherrie
Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Suite 13, The Adelaide Clinic Consulting Suites, 33 Park Tce Gilberton, Adelaide, South Australia 5081, Australia.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2009 Jan;202(1-3):259-73. doi: 10.1007/s00213-008-1302-9. Epub 2008 Sep 3.
Schizophrenia is often associated with chronic disability and poor outcome. In addition to positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, and negative symptoms including poverty of speech and blunted affect, schizophrenia is also associated with deficits in cognitive function. It has been increasingly recognized that the severity of cognitive impairment is a major determinant of outcome. Therefore, interventions to improve cognitive function also have the capacity to improve quality of life and social and occupational outcomes. Whilst some of the antipsychotic drugs have shown some selective benefits, there is some controversy about the extent of these benefits.
This article provides an overview of research into drugs that might enhance cognition in schizophrenia.
Drugs such as modafanil and galantamine are being evaluated, and a number of new drugs are currently in development. Standardized cognitive assessment measures are being developed so studies can be compared more easily. This field is advancing rapidly, but as yet, no widely applicable, evidence-based treatments are available to the clinician.
精神分裂症常与慢性残疾及不良预后相关。除幻觉和妄想等阳性症状以及言语贫乏和情感迟钝等阴性症状外，精神分裂症还与认知功能缺陷有关。人们越来越认识到认知障碍的严重程度是预后的主要决定因素。因此，改善认知功能的干预措施也有能力提高生活质量以及社会和职业结局。虽然一些抗精神病药物已显示出一些选择性益处，但这些益处的程度存在一些争议。
本文概述了对可能增强精神分裂症患者认知功能的药物的研究。
莫达非尼和加兰他敏等药物正在接受评估，目前有多种新药正在研发中。正在开发标准化的认知评估措施，以便更轻松地比较各项研究。该领域发展迅速，但目前临床医生还没有广泛适用的、基于证据的治疗方法。
