Bouchard Danielle R, Soucy Lisa, Sénéchal Martin, Dionne Isabelle J, Brochu Martin
Health and Social Services Centre, Sherbrooke University Institute of Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
Menopause. 2009 Jan-Feb;16(1):66-72. doi: 10.1097/gme.0b013e31817dacf7.
To investigate the specific impact of resistance training (RT) with or without caloric restriction (CR) on physical capacity in obese older women.
Forty-eight postmenopausal obese women, physically independent and between the ages of 55 and 75 years were recruited. The women were randomly assigned to one of four groups (1: RT [n = 12], 2: CR [n = 12], 3: CR + RT [n = 12], or 4: control group [C; n = 12]) for 3 months. CR and CR + RT groups participated in a weekly group session on nutrition, and RT and CR + RT groups took part in a resistance training program. Physical capacity was measured with 11 different performance tests. A global physical capacity score (range, 0-44) was then computed using quartiles of each test. Body composition was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.
Body weight, total fat mass, percentage of fat mass, and body mass index (kg/m) significantly decreased in the CR and CR + RT groups (P < 0.01), whereas only the CR group showed a significant decrease in lean body mass (P < 0.05) after the 3-month program. The global physical capacity score significantly improved in the RT group (10.0 +/- 8.8%; P < 0.01), compared with the C group after 3 months.
Overall, the 3-month RT program alone had a greater effect on physical capacity than CR or CR + RT. Thus, a 3-month RT could help prevent long-term decreases in physical capacity in obese older women.
探讨有或无热量限制（CR）的抗阻训练（RT）对肥胖老年女性身体能力的具体影响。
招募了48名身体独立、年龄在55至75岁之间的绝经后肥胖女性。这些女性被随机分为四组之一（1：抗阻训练组[RT；n = 12]，2：热量限制组[CR；n = 12]，3：热量限制+抗阻训练组[CR + RT；n = 12]，或4：对照组[C；n = 12]），为期3个月。CR组和CR + RT组参加了每周一次的营养小组课程，RT组和CR + RT组参加了抗阻训练计划。通过11项不同的体能测试来测量身体能力。然后使用每项测试的四分位数计算出一个总体身体能力得分（范围为0至44）。通过双能X线吸收法测量身体成分。
CR组和CR + RT组的体重、总脂肪量、脂肪量百分比和体重指数（kg/m）显著下降（P < 0.01），而在为期3个月的计划后，只有CR组的瘦体重显著下降（P < 0.05）。与3个月后的C组相比，RT组的总体身体能力得分显著提高（10.0 +/- 8.8%；P < 0.01）。
总体而言，仅3个月的抗阻训练计划对身体能力的影响大于热量限制或热量限制+抗阻训练。因此，3个月的抗阻训练有助于预防肥胖老年女性身体能力的长期下降。
