Marzouki Hanen, Piras Alessandra, Marongiu Bruno, Rosa Antonella, Dessì M Assunta
Laboratoire de Botanique et de Biologie végétale, Université de Tunis, Tunisia.
Molecules. 2008 Aug 13;13(8):1702-11. doi: 10.3390/molecules13081702.
Isolation of volatile and fixed oils from dried berries of Laurus nobilis L. from Tunisia have been obtained by supercritical fractioned extraction with carbon dioxide. Extraction experiments were carried out at a temperature of 40 degrees C and pressures of 90 and 250 bar. The extraction step performed at 90 bar produced a volatile fraction mainly composed of (E)-beta-ocimene (20.9%), 1,8-cineole (8.8%), alpha-pinene (8.0%), beta-longipinene (7.1%), linalool acetate (4.5%), cadinene (4.7%), beta-pinene (4.2%), alpha-terpinyl acetate (3.8%) and alpha-bulnesene (3.5%). The oil yield in this step of the process was 0.9 % by weight charged. The last extraction step at 250 bar produced an odorless liquid fraction, in which a very small percentage of fragrance compounds was found, whereas triacylglycerols were dominant. The yield of this step was 15.0 % by weight. The most represented fatty acids of the whole berry fixed oil were 12:0 (27.6%), 18:1 n-9 (27.1%), 18:2 n-6 (21.4%), and 16:0 (17,1%), with the 18:1 n-9 and 18:2 n-6 unsaturated fatty acids in particular averaging 329 microg/mg of oil.
采用超临界二氧化碳分级萃取法，从突尼斯月桂树干燥浆果中分离出挥发油和固定油。萃取实验在40℃、90巴和250巴的压力下进行。在90巴下进行的萃取步骤产生了一种挥发馏分，其主要成分是（E）-β-罗勒烯（20.9%）、1,8-桉叶素（8.8%）、α-蒎烯（8.0%）、β-长叶松烯（7.1%）、乙酸芳樟酯（4.5%）、杜松烯（4.7%）、β-蒎烯（4.2%）、乙酸α-松油酯（3.8%）和α-布藜烯（3.5%）。该步骤的出油率为进料重量的0.9%。在250巴下的最后一个萃取步骤产生了一种无气味的液体馏分，其中发现的香料化合物百分比非常小，而三酰甘油占主导地位。该步骤的产率为进料重量的15.0%。整个浆果固定油中含量最多的脂肪酸是12:0（27.6%）、18:1 n-9（27.1%）、18:2 n-6（21.4%）和16:0（17.1%），特别是18:1 n-9和18:2 n-6不饱和脂肪酸平均含量为329微克/毫克油。
