Henchoz Yves, Kai-Lik So Alexander
Institut des sciences du sport et de l'éducation physique, Université de Lausanne, Centre administratif de Vidy, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Joint Bone Spine. 2008 Oct;75(5):533-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2008.03.003. Epub 2008 Sep 17.
We reviewed the literature to clarify the effects of exercise in preventing and treating nonspecific low back pain. We evaluated several characteristics of exercise programs including specificity, individual tailoring, supervision, motivation enhancement, volume, and intensity. The results show that exercise is effective in the primary and secondary prevention of low back pain. When used for curative treatment, exercise diminishes disability and pain severity while improving fitness and occupational status in patients who have subacute, recurrent, or chronic low back pain. Patients with acute low back pain are usually advised to continue their everyday activities to the greatest extent possible rather than to start an exercise program. Supervision is crucial to the efficacy of exercise programs. Whether general or specific exercises are preferable is unclear, and neither is there clear evidence that one-on-one sessions are superior to group sessions. Further studies are needed to determine which patient subsets respond to specific characteristics of exercise programs and which exercise volumes and intensities are optimal.
我们回顾了相关文献，以阐明运动在预防和治疗非特异性下腰痛方面的作用。我们评估了运动计划的几个特征，包括特异性、个性化定制、监督、动机增强、运动量和强度。结果表明，运动在腰痛的一级和二级预防中是有效的。当用于治疗时，运动可减少残疾和疼痛严重程度，同时改善亚急性、复发性或慢性下腰痛患者的健康状况和职业状态。急性下腰痛患者通常被建议尽可能继续日常活动，而不是开始运动计划。监督对运动计划的效果至关重要。一般运动还是特定运动更可取尚不清楚，也没有明确证据表明一对一训练优于团体训练。需要进一步研究以确定哪些患者亚组对运动计划的特定特征有反应，以及最佳的运动量和强度是多少。
