Fellinger Johannes, Holzinger Daniel, Sattel Heribert, Laucht Manfred
Institut fuer Sinnes- und Sprachneurologie, Barmherzige Brueder, Linz, Austria.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Oct;17(7):414-23. doi: 10.1007/s00787-008-0683-y. Epub 2008 Sep 22.
In the past decade, the living conditions of hearing impaired children have been changing due to new technologies and mainstreaming in schools. The majority of population-based studies in deaf pupils were conducted before these changes started to take place. The present study aimed to evaluate the current situation regarding aspects of mental health and, for the first time, quality of life in a representative sample of deaf pupils. The sample stems from a population of 145,000 pupils attending the first to ninth grades during the school years 2003-2005 in Upper Austria. From 186 children with bilateral hearing impairment of at least 40 dB registered at the centre for special education for children with sensory impairments, 99 with a performance IQ above 70 were included in the present study. Parents and teachers completed the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ), while parents and children were administered the inventory for the assessment of the quality of life in children and adolescents (ILC). Results indicated that deaf children scored significantly higher on the SDQ than their counterparts from normative samples according to both parent and teacher ratings. Differences were most marked with regard to conduct problems, emotional problems, and peer problems, and less marked for hyperactivity/inattention. While parents of deaf children had a generally positive view of their children's quality of life, deaf children provided a more complex picture, stressing areas of dissatisfaction. Mental health and quality of life were found to be unrelated to the child's degree of deafness.
在过去十年中，由于新技术的出现以及学校的主流化，听力受损儿童的生活条件一直在发生变化。大多数针对失聪学生的基于人群的研究是在这些变化开始之前进行的。本研究旨在评估失聪学生心理健康方面的现状，并首次评估具有代表性的失聪学生样本的生活质量。样本来自2003 - 2005学年上奥地利州一至九年级的145,000名学生。在感官障碍儿童特殊教育中心登记的186名双侧听力损失至少40分贝的儿童中，本研究纳入了99名智商表现高于70的儿童。家长和教师完成了优势与困难问卷（SDQ），而家长和孩子则接受了儿童和青少年生活质量评估量表（ILC）的测试。结果表明，根据家长和教师的评分，失聪儿童在SDQ上的得分显著高于来自常模样本的同龄人。在行为问题、情绪问题和同伴问题方面差异最为明显，在多动/注意力不集中方面差异较小。虽然失聪儿童的家长对孩子的生活质量总体持积极看法，但失聪儿童给出了更复杂的情况描述，强调了不满意的方面。研究发现，心理健康和生活质量与儿童的失聪程度无关。
