Sogoba Nafomon, Vounatsou Penelope, Bagayoko Magaran M, Doumbia Seydou, Dolo Guimogo, Gosoniu Laura, Traoré Sékou F, Smith Thomas A, Touré Yéya T
Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Ondoto-Stomatologie, Université de Bamako, BP, 1805, Bamako, Mali.
Malar J. 2008 Oct 10;7:205. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-7-205.
Maps of the distribution of malaria vectors are useful tools for stratification of malaria risk and for selective vector control strategies. Although the distribution of members of the Anopheles gambiae complex is well documented in Africa, a continuous map of the spatial distribution of the chromosomal forms of An. gambiae s.s. is not yet available at country level to support control efforts.
Bayesian geostatistical methods were used to produce continuous maps of the spatial distribution of the chromosomal forms of An. gambiae s.s. (Mopti, Bamako, Savanna and their hybrids/recombinants) based on their relative frequencies in relation to climatic and environmental factors in Mali.
The maps clearly show that each chromosomal form favours a particular defined eco-climatic zone. The Mopti form prefers the dryer northern Savanna and Sahel and the flooded/irrigated areas of the inner delta of the Niger River. The Savanna form favours the Sudan savanna areas, particularly the South and South-Eastern parts of the country (Kayes and Sikasso regions). The Bamako form has a strong preference for specific environmental conditions and it is confined to the Sudan savanna areas around urban Bamako and the Western part of Sikasso region. The hybrids/recombinants favour the Western part of the country (Kayes region) bordering the Republic of Guinea Conakry.
The maps provide valuable information for selective vector control in Mali (insecticide resistance management) and may serve as a decision support tool for the basis for future malaria control strategies including genetically manipulated mosquitoes.
疟疾媒介分布图是划分疟疾风险和制定选择性媒介控制策略的有用工具。尽管冈比亚按蚊复合体成员在非洲的分布已有充分记录，但在国家层面尚未有一份连续的冈比亚按蚊指名亚种染色体形态空间分布图来支持防控工作。
采用贝叶斯地理统计方法，根据马里的气候和环境因素，绘制冈比亚按蚊指名亚种（莫普提型、巴马科型、稀树草原型及其杂交/重组型）染色体形态空间分布的连续地图。
地图清晰显示，每种染色体形态都倾向于特定的生态气候区。莫普提型偏好较为干燥的北部稀树草原和萨赫勒地区以及尼日尔河内三角洲的洪涝/灌溉区域。稀树草原型青睐苏丹稀树草原地区，尤其是该国南部和东南部（卡伊和锡卡索地区）。巴马科型对特定环境条件有强烈偏好，局限于巴马科市区周围的苏丹稀树草原地区以及锡卡索地区西部。杂交/重组型则倾向于该国与几内亚科纳克里共和国接壤的西部（卡伊地区）。
这些地图为马里的选择性媒介控制（杀虫剂抗性管理）提供了有价值的信息，并可作为未来疟疾控制策略（包括转基因蚊子）决策支持工具的依据。
