Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Sezione di Biochimica Clinica, Università Studi "Carlo Bo" di Urbino, Via O. Ubaldini 7, 61029, Urbino (PU), Italy,
Genes Nutr. 2008 Jul;3(2):77-85. doi: 10.1007/s12263-008-0087-0. Epub 2008 Jun 27.
The aetiology of breast cancer is complex and multifactorial, and may include diet and xenobiotic compounds. A change in diet affects nutrient levels in blood, but to what extent diet can affect micronutrient concentrations in the breast is not yet well established. Breast nipple aspirate fluids (NAF) can be non-invasively obtained from the breast in most women; it represents a biological tool to assess metabolic changes in the breast ductal microenvironment. A wide variation in biomolecular and hormonal composition of NAFs collected from healthy and breast cancer patient may be due to genetic and nutritional factors; however, micro- and macro-nutrients may influence the secretory status of these women, thus NAF composition and risk of breast carcinoma. The aim of this overview is to highlight the detrimental/beneficial role that diet-related compounds in nipple aspirate fluid can have in breast cancer risk.
乳腺癌的病因复杂且多因素，可能包括饮食和外源性化合物。饮食的改变会影响血液中的营养水平，但饮食在多大程度上能影响乳房中的微量营养素浓度尚不清楚。乳头吸出物（NAF）可以在大多数女性的乳房中无创地获得；它是评估乳腺导管微环境代谢变化的生物学工具。从健康女性和乳腺癌患者中采集的 NAF 的生物分子和激素组成存在广泛差异，这可能与遗传和营养因素有关；然而，微量营养素和宏量营养素可能会影响这些女性的分泌状态，从而影响 NAF 成分和乳腺癌风险。本综述的目的是强调与饮食相关的化合物在乳头吸出物中对乳腺癌风险的有害/有益作用。
