Grotenhuis J T, Smit M, Plugge C M, Xu Y S, van Lammeren A A, Stams A J, Zehnder A J
Department of Microbiology, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Jul;57(7):1942-9. doi: 10.1128/aem.57.7.1942-1949.1991.
The bacteriological composition and ultrastructure of mesophilic granular methanogenic sludge from a large-scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor treating wastewater from a sugar plant and of sludge granules adapted to ethanol and propionate were studied by counting different bacterial groups and by immunocytochemical methods. Propionate-grown granular sludge consisted of two types of clusters, those of a rod-shaped bacterium immunologically related to Methanothrix soehngenii and those consisting of two different types of bacteria with a specific spatial orientation. One of these bacteria reacted with antiserum against Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus AZ, whereas the other is most likely a propionate-oxidizing bacterium immunologically unrelated to Syntrophobacter wolinii. Sludge granules obtained from the large-scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor and granules cultivated on ethanol did not show the typical spatial orientation of bacteria. Examination of the bacterial composition of the three types of granules by light and electron microscopy, the most-probable-number method, and by isolations showed that M. arboriphilus and M. soehngenii were the most abundant hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic methanogens in propionate-grown sludge. Methanospirillum hungatei and Methanosarcina barkeri predominated in ethanol-grown granules, whereas many morphotypes of methanogens were abundant in granules from the full-scale reactor.
通过对不同细菌群体进行计数和采用免疫细胞化学方法，研究了来自处理糖厂废水的大型上流式厌氧污泥床反应器的嗜温颗粒状产甲烷污泥以及适应乙醇和丙酸盐的污泥颗粒的细菌组成和超微结构。以丙酸盐为生长底物的颗粒污泥由两种类型的菌团组成，一种是与索氏甲烷丝菌免疫相关的杆状细菌菌团，另一种由具有特定空间取向的两种不同类型细菌组成。其中一种细菌与抗嗜树栖甲烷短杆菌AZ的抗血清发生反应，而另一种很可能是与沃氏互营杆菌免疫无关的丙酸盐氧化细菌。从大型上流式厌氧污泥床反应器获得的污泥颗粒以及在乙醇上培养的颗粒未显示出典型的细菌空间取向。通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜、最大可能数法以及分离培养对这三种类型颗粒的细菌组成进行检查，结果表明，嗜树栖甲烷短杆菌和索氏甲烷丝菌是丙酸盐生长污泥中最丰富的氢营养型和乙酸裂解型产甲烷菌。亨氏甲烷螺菌和巴氏甲烷八叠球菌在乙醇生长的颗粒中占主导地位，而在全尺寸反应器的颗粒中有许多产甲烷菌的形态型大量存在。
